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Exterior Masonry Chimneys Venting Natural Gas Appliances
Table 504.2 (6) Minimum Allowable Chimney Input BTUH for Heating Appliances
Chimney/Vent Sizing Tables & Formulas
- POST a QUESTION or COMMENT about size requirements for chimney flues
Chimney & flue sizing tables by type, BTUH. This table gives the minimum allowable input BTUH for heating appliances venting through a masonry chimneys by chimney height, chimney flue size, & the outdoor temperature.
This article series describes the size requirements for chimney flues for different categories of heating appliances.
We include excerpts from UMC tables along with additional commentary to assist in sizing metal or masonry chimneys according to chimney diameter, height, materials, and the input BTUH of the appliance(s) to be vented.
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Sizing for Exterior Masonry Chimneys Venting Natural Gas Appliances
Notes to the Table Above
1. See CHIMNEY CROSS SECTION SHAPE EFFECTS for the effects of square vs round chimney sectional areas
2. Blank areas in the table indicate not allowed, not acceptable, or not applicable combination of measurements & conditions.
3. Not all allowable height and size combinations are given in this table. E.G. we for most examples we omit chimneys under 15 ft. in height or over 30 ft. in height while in fact there are allowable combinations for some lower and taller chimney heights. See the original source below - and from which this table is excerpted.
4. The reason for expressing a MINIMUM input BTUH for these cases is the concern about the ability of the gas fird appliance to establish an updraft: this is about outdoor chimney temperatures vs. working chimney height: while warm conditions can make the establishment of draft more difficult, there is a second concern that in cold conditions it is more difficult to get draft working in a taller exterior masonry chimney since the flue gas from the appliance has to overcome the weight of a tall column of cold air.
Source: "Chapter 5, Chimneys and Vents, Section 501 (IFGC)", Seattle building code, retrived 4/2/2014, original source http://www.seattle.gov/dpd/cs/groups/pan/@pan/documents/web_informational/s047809.pdf See table 504.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney for details.
See Chapter 5, Chimneys and Vents, Section 501 (IFGC), [PDF] (2015) Seattle building code, Retrieved 2017/07/22, original source: http://www.seattle.gov/dpd/cs/groups/pan/@pan/documents/web_informational/p2622099.pdf
Watch out: Check with your local building code officials for local building code requirements when designing, building, or installing chimneys and vents.
Guide to Chimney Sizing Tables for Venting Heating Appliances: Which Chimney Sizing Table to Use
Here is a quick guide to the UMC's chimney sizing & BTUH venting capacity tables when sizing a metal or masonry chimney diameter to match the total input BTUH of the heating appliances (boiler, furnace, water heater) being vented. Note that different chimney sizes are required for venting fireplaces and woodstoves.
Masonry fireplace chimney size requirements are given separately at FIREPLACES & HEARTHS.
Chimney Type |
Number of Appliances to be Vented |
|
Metal B-Vent Chimney (Vent) |
Single Appliance |
Multiple Appliances |
Which Chimney Flue / Vent Sizing Table to Use |
||
| Single Wall Flue Vent Connector | Table C-9-E |
|
| Double Wall B-vent Flue Vent Connector1 | Table C-9-D (two part table) |
|
| Masonry Chimney2 | ||
| Single Wall Flue Vent Connector | Table C-9-F (two part table) |
|
| Minimum Input BTUH, Single appliance, natural gas, B-vent connector vs chimney height, size, & outdoor temperature | ||
Notes to the Table Above
1. A flue vent connector is the horizontal/sloped metal pipe connecting the heating appliance to the entry point of the chimney. Flue vent connectors and their materials, sizing requirements, & fire clearances are at FLUE VENT CONNECTORS, HEATING EQUIPMENT
At double-wall B-vent chimneys the flue vent connector between the appliance and the chimney entry point may be single-wall metal flue vent connector or it may be a double-wall Type-B flue vent material.
2. At most masonry chimneys the flue vent connector or "stackpipe" or "smokepipe" is single wall metal, though for fire clearance needs it may be amended to use sections of insulated metal chimneys.
See CHIMNEY CROSS SECTION SHAPE EFFECTS for the effects of square vs round chimney sectional areas
Types of metal chimneys and their properties and fire clearances are at METAL CHIMNEYS & FLUES.
...
Reader Comments, Questions & Answers About The Article Above
Below you will find questions and answers previously posted on this page at its page bottom reader comment box.
Reader Q&A - also see RECOMMENDED ARTICLES & FAQs
Question: chimney size vs. btuh ratings
(Aug 30, 2011) david said:
what if you had a 4" furnace outlet and 2 3" outlets. is it the same formula or do you go off of actual btus
Reply:
David I don't quite understand the question. But in general the chimney venting requirements are set by the fuel type and the BTU rating of the appliance.
Question: standard chimney heights
(Sept 9, 2011) Graham said:
What is the standard height above a tiled roof to the top of chimney ?
Reply:
Graham please see CHIMNEY HEIGHT & CLEARANCE CODE
Question: reduce furnace flue vent connector size below furnace outlet size?
(Oct 13, 2012) Brent said:
I have a single 2650 sq ft home that was once subdivided, one side had a 133,000 btu oil boiler and I have a 115,000 gas boiler. I want to purchase a new boiler to heat both sides which I have zoned.
My question is that my looad calculation calls for a 136,000 btu furnace, in this range I'm looking at a 142,000 furnace.
My chimney (30 ft tall) has a stainless 6 " liner but the new furnace outlet is 7"
Can I safely reduce the outlet from 7" to 6" ? I also have a gas hot water heater on the same flue in a "y" connection.
Brent
Reply:
No
Question: ok to share chimney flue if heaters don't run at the same time?
(Jan 27, 2014) (mod) said:
Bill, I am re-posting your question without the imbedded hyperlink - our system doesn't permit links in comments for reasons of security.
"My coal boiler and oil boiler vent into the same chimney. I never use both at the same time. The chimney is about 30 feet high. The stove pipes are 6" single wall. The coal boiler enters below the oil boiler and on the opposite side of the chimney. There is no rise to the coal boiler's stove pipe, it enters straight into the chimney and runs slightly down hill. I'm burning bituminous coal get smoke billowing out the door when I open it even though I have lots of draft. I'm thinking it may be due to the way it has been piped causing a limitation in flow.
It looks to me like the coal boiler's input was changed when the 6" square clay liner was installed. There is a knock out cemented over that I can use, I would just have to cut an opening into the clay liner. The coal boiler would then enter about 6" above the oil boiler. I don't have any room to go higher. This would put about 16" of rise on the coal boiler's smoke pipe. I stuck 2 old elbows in to prove to myself that I have room to rearrange the pipe, you can see them in the pic.
Do you think this alternate piping might make an improvement? "
Before thinking about sharing a chimney flue - generally prohibited as a safety concern but permitted in some jurisdictions, particularly with gas and oil fuels provided proper venting arrangement - I'd check with your local building department about what they permit. Permission may also depend on the chimney type and design.
Safety issues aside for a moment there can be draft control and operating difficulties - any solution has to prevent automatic draft from one appliance from fouling up the other.
Reply:
You might find draft conflicts (can't optimize for both appliances), fire hazards (one heater igniting deposits from the other), code violations, and fire spread safety hazards.
Question: shared Y connectionfor chimney connection?
(Apr 2, 2014) sal avanzato said:
my chimeney [30ft tall] has8"x13"terracotta flue liner with 7" round terracotta crock going into the flue liner. can I safely hook up gas boiler 175000 btu and water heater 75000 btu into 7" round crock on the same flue in a"Y"connection
Reply:
Sal,
You have 175,000 + 75,000 BTUH = 250,000 BTUH venting required
You don't give the horizontal distances of your 7" flue vent connector(s) between the appliances and the chimney, nor do you say if the appliances are natural draft or forced draft, so we don't have the total answer to your question, nor am I confident commenting on "safety" for an unknown system since a mistake can be fatal.
At the start of the article above we give some help choosing which tables to use to answer chimney questions.
If we are venting multiple appliances into a single chimney flue we use Table C-9-F
(two part table) in the article above.
Your chimney cross section area is 8 x 13" = 104 sq.in. Your chimney height is 30 ft. (which gives good draft).
But an important limit here is the input 7" flue diameter. And some jurisdictions (see Seattle WA code for example) limit the horizontal run distance (to about 10 ft. for 7" flue vent connectors OR you have to reduce the assumed venting capacity of the system)
There are also assumptions about outdoor temperatures that affect the chimney draft conditions.
Not shown anyway in our table (I'll add some data) is that per the AGA NFPA code, if I assume the horizontal flue vent connector distance is 10 feet or less and the chimney height is 30 feet,
assuming an outdoor temperature range of 27 to 36 degF or higher (colder ranges give better draft once the chimney has heated-up so this is a cautious assumption) your 104 sq. in. chimney (assuming that's *internal* area, falls between two standards:
a 78 sq. in. 30 foot masonry chimney in this outdoor temperature range can vent 445,000 input BTUH
a 113 sq. in. 30 foot masonry chimney in this temperature range can vent 485,000 input BTUH.
So as your chimney is in between those two and even the smaller internal size chimney can vent more BTUH than you are connecting the chimney itself meets the standards as I read them. (Check with your local building code officials for safety and local code compliance and of course check that the chimney is in fact intact, not leaking, damaged, blocked, that there is safe combustion air etc. or ALL of this discussion would be nonsense since there could be very unsafe conditions, even fatal ones, present).
Adding about outdoor chimney temperatures vs. working chimney height, there is a second concern that in cold conditions it is more difficult to get draft working in a taller exterior masonry chimney since the flue gas from the appliance has to overcome the weight of a tall column of cold air.
Question: moving a wood heater insert into a shop
13 Jan 2015 Steve Said:
I took a 20 year old wood heater insert out of my fire place. Im putting it in my shop.The heater does not have a pipe collar .It has a 7 x 8 inch opening where i can put a collar.I dont know what size to put 6 inch or 8 inch? Inside measurements of heater are 24 inch wide by 19 inch deep by 18 inch height 24x19x18 inside
Height from proposed collar to ceiling 13feet 4inches through metal roof and insulation 2inches roof has a 1 by 12 pitch.. What size stove pipe do i use and why
Reply:
Steve,
Generally a larger vent is functional and safe as long as the chimney size and height are not so large that the heating appliance won't develop adequate draft. It's not just stove pipe size you need to consider, but proper fire-rating of the flue or chimney materials, clearances from combustibles, cleanout access and code.
Watch out: But keep in mind that most likely you need to obtain a building permit and inspections for installing any new heater anywhere - don't view that as a stumbling block but rather as an extra inspection that might help avoid a fire.
...
Continue reading at CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS - topic home, or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or see the complete ARTICLE INDEX.
Or see these
Recommended Articles
- CHIMNEY CODES complete list of online chimney code PDF files.
- CHIMNEY FLUE SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS
- CHIMNEY SIZE FACTORS that go into calculating the size of a chimney or flue
- CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS - home
- CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE 504.2 - Minimum Allowable Chimney Input BTUH for Heating Appliances
- CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS_TABLE_C_9_B - B-Vent Chimney Capacities Venting a Single Heating Appliance
- CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS_TABLES C9_C - Masonry Chimney Venting Capacities Venting a Single Appliance, BTU Capacity
- CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS_TABLE_C_9_E - Multi-Appliance BTUH Venting Capacity of Double-Wall B-Vent Chimneys
- CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE C-9-F - Multi-Appliance BTUH Venting Capacity of Masonry Chimneys
- FIREPLACES & HEARTHS
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CHIMNEY FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS TABLE 504.2 at InspectApedia.com - online encyclopedia of building & environmental inspection, testing, diagnosis, repair, & problem prevention advice.
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INDEX to RELATED ARTICLES: ARTICLE INDEX to CHIMNEYS & FLUES
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Citations & References
In addition to any citations in the article above, a full list is available on request.
- [4] NFPA 211 - Standards for Chimneys & Fireplaces, NFPA 211: Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances, 2006 Edition (older editions and standards are found at the same bookstore)
NFPA #211-3.1 1988 - Specific to chimneys, fireplaces, vents and solid fuel burning appliances. - [6] NFPA # 54-7.1 1992 - Specific to venting of equipment with fan-assisted combustion systems.
- [7] GAMA - Gas Appliance Manufacturers' Association has prepared venting tables for Category I draft hood equipped central furnaces as well as fan-assisted combustion system central furnaces.
- [8] National Fuel Gas Code, an American National Standard, 4th ed. 1988 (newer edition is available) Secretariats, American Gas Association (AGA), 1515 Wilson Blvd., Arlington VA22209, and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), Batterymarch Park, Quincy MA 02269. ANSI Z223.1-1988 - NFPA 54-1988. WARNING: be sure to check clearances and other safety guidelines in the latest edition of these standards.
- [9] Fire Inspector Guidebook, A Correlation of Fire Safety Requirements Contained in the 1987 BOCA National Codes, (newer edition available), Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), Country Club HIlls, IL 60478 312-799-2300 4th ed. Note: this document is reissued every four years. Be sure to obtain the latest edition.
- [10] Uniform Mechanical Code - UMC 1991, Sec 913 (a.) Masonry Chimneys,
refers to Chapters 23, 29, and 37 of the Building Code.
See the complete table of the "Capacity of Double-Wall or Asbestos-Cement (Transite) Type B vents with Single Wall Connectors Serving a Single Appliance", Table C-9-A in Appendix C.
See the complete table of the "Capacity of Type B Double Wall Vents with Type B Double Wall Vent Connectors Serving a Single Appliance", Table C-9-B in Appendix C. - New York 1984 Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code, Article 10, Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Requirements
- [11] New York 1979 Uniform Fire Prevention & Building Code, The "requirement" for 8" of solid masonry OR for use of a flue liner was listed in the One and Two Family Dwelling Code for New York, in 1979, in Chapter 9, Chimneys and Fireplaces, New York 1979 Building and Fire Prevention Code:
- [12] "Top Ten Chimney (and related) Problems Encountered by One Chimney Sweep," Hudson Valley ASHI education seminar, 3 January 2000, contributed by Bob Hansen, ASHI
- [13] Chimney Inspection Checklist, Carson Dunlop, Associates, Toronto, Ontario
- "Rooftop View Turns to Darkness," Martine Costello, Josh Kovner, New Haven Register, 12 May 1992 p. 11: Catherine Murphy was sunning on a building roof when a chimney collapsed; she fell into and was trapped inside the chimney until rescued by emergency workers.
- [14] "Chimneys and Vents," Mark J. Reinmiller, P.E., ASHI Technical Journal, Vol. 1 No. 2 July 1991 p. 34-38.
- [15] "Chimney Inspection Procedures & Codes," Donald V. Cohen was to be published in the first volume of the 1994 ASHI Technical Journal by D. Friedman, then editor/publisher of that publication. The production of the ASHI Technical Journal and future editions was cancelled by ASHI President Patrick Porzio. Some of the content of Mr. Cohen's original submission has been included in this more complete chimney inspection article: CHIMNEY INSPECTION DIAGNOSIS REPAIR . Copies of earlier editions of the ASHI Technical Journal are available from ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors.
- [16] Natural Gas Weekly Update: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/ngw/ngupdate.asp Official Energy Statistics from the U.S. Government
- [17] US Energy Administration: Electrical Energy Costs http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric.html
- [3] Roger Hankeyis principal of Hankey and Brown home inspectors, Eden Prairie, MN, technical review by Roger Hankey, prior chairman, Standards Committee, American Society of Home Inspectors - ASHI. 952 829-0044 - hankeyandbrown.com
- [4] NFPA 211 - Standards for Chimneys & Fireplaces, NFPA 211: Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances, 2006 Edition (older editions and standards are found at the same bookstore)
NFPA #211-3.1 1988 - Specific to chimneys, fireplaces, vents and solid fuel burning appliances. - [6] NFPA # 54-7.1 1992 - Specific to venting of equipment with fan-assisted combustion systems.
- [7] GAMA - Gas Appliance Manufacturers' Association has prepared venting tables for Category I draft hood equipped central furnaces as well as fan-assisted combustion system central furnaces.
- [8] National Fuel Gas Code, an American National Standard, 4th ed. 1988 (newer edition is available) Secretariats, American Gas Association (AGA), 1515 Wilson Blvd., Arlington VA22209, and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), Batterymarch Park, Quincy MA 02269. ANSI Z223.1-1988 - NFPA 54-1988. WARNING: be sure to check clearances and other safety guidelines in the latest edition of these standards.
- [9] Fire Inspector Guidebook, A Correlation of Fire Safety Requirements Contained in the 1987 BOCA National Codes, (newer edition available), Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), Country Club HIlls, IL 60478 312-799-2300 4th ed. Note: this document is reissued every four years. Be sure to obtain the latest edition.
- [10] Uniform Mechanical Code - UMC 1991, Sec 913 (a.) Masonry Chimneys,
refers to Chapters 23, 29, and 37 of the Building Code.
See the complete table of the "Capacity of Double-Wall or Asbestos-Cement (Transite) Type B vents with Single Wall Connectors Serving a Single Appliance", Table C-9-A in Appendix C.
See the complete table of the "Capacity of Type B Double Wall Vents with Type B Double Wall Vent Connectors Serving a Single Appliance", Table C-9-B in Appendix C. - New York 1984 Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code, Article 10, Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Requirements
- [11] New York 1979 Uniform Fire Prevention & Building Code, The "requirement" for 8" of solid masonry OR for use of a flue liner was listed in the One and Two Family Dwelling Code for New York, in 1979, in Chapter 9, Chimneys and Fireplaces, New York 1979 Building and Fire Prevention Code:
- [12] "Top Ten Chimney (and related) Problems Encountered by One Chimney Sweep," Hudson Valley ASHI education seminar, 3 January 2000, contributed by Bob Hansen, ASHI
- [13] Chimney Inspection Checklist, Carson Dunlop, Associates, Toronto, Ontario
- "Rooftop View Turns to Darkness," Martine Costello, Josh Kovner, New Haven Register, 12 May 1992 p. 11: Catherine Murphy was sunning on a building roof when a chimney collapsed; she fell into and was trapped inside the chimney until rescued by emergency workers.
- [14] "Chimneys and Vents," Mark J. Reinmiller, P.E., ASHI Technical Journal, Vol. 1 No. 2 July 1991 p. 34-38.
- [15] "Chimney Inspection Procedures & Codes," Donald V. Cohen was to be published in the first volume of the 1994 ASHI Technical Journal by D. Friedman, then editor/publisher of that publication. The production of the ASHI Technical Journal and future editions was cancelled by ASHI President Patrick Porzio. Some of the content of Mr. Cohen's original submission has been included in this more complete chimney inspection article: CHIMNEY INSPECTION DIAGNOSIS REPAIR . Copies of earlier editions of the ASHI Technical Journal are available from ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors.
- [16] Natural Gas Weekly Update: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/ngw/ngupdate.asp Official Energy Statistics from the U.S. Government
- [17] US Energy Administration: Electrical Energy Costs http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric.html
- Our recommended books about building & mechanical systems design, inspection, problem diagnosis, and repair, and about indoor environment and IAQ testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the InspectAPedia Bookstore. Also see our Book Reviews - InspectAPedia.
- Ceramic Roofware, Hans Van Lemmen, Shire Library, 2008, ISBN-13: 978-0747805694 - Brick chimneys, chimney-pots and roof and ridge tiles have been a feature of the roofs of a wide range of buildings since the late Middle Ages. In the first instance this ceramic roofware was functional - to make the roof weatherproof and to provide an outlet for smoke - but it could also be very decorative.
The practical and ornamental aspects of ceramic roofware can still be seen throughout Britain, particularly on buildings of the Victorian and Edwardian periods. Not only do these often have ornate chimneys and roof tiles but they may also feature ornamental sculptures or highly decorative gable ends. This book charts the history of ceramic roofware from the Middle Ages to the present day, highlighting both practical and decorative applications, and giving information about manufacturers and on the styles and techniques of production and decoration.
Hans van Lemmen is an established author on the history of tiles and has lectured on the subject in Britain and elsewhere. He is founder member and presently publications editor of the British Tiles and Architectural Ceramics Society. - Chimney Inspection Checklist, Carson Dunlop, Associates, Toronto, Ontario
- Chimney & Stack Inspection Guidelines, American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003 - These guidelines address the inspection of chimneys and stacks. Each guideline assists owners in determining what level of inspection is appropriate to a particular chimney and provides common criteria so that all parties involved have a clear understanding of the scope of the inspection and the end product required. Each chimney or stack is a unique structure, subject to both aggressive operating and natural environments, and degradation over time. Such degradation may be managed via a prudent inspection program followed by maintenance work on any equipment or structure determined to be in need of attention. Sample inspection report specifications, sample field inspection data forms, and an example of a developed plan of a concrete chimney are included in the guidelines. This book provides a valuable guidance tool for chimney and stack inspections and also offers a set of references for these particular inspections. LI>Chimney Safety Institute of America - Chimney Fires: Causes, Effects, Evaluation
- National Chimney Sweep Guild - Yellow Pages of Suppliers
- In addition to citations & references found in this article, see the research citations given at the end of the related articles found at our suggested
CONTINUE READING or RECOMMENDED ARTICLES.
- Carson, Dunlop & Associates Ltd., 120 Carlton Street Suite 407, Toronto ON M5A 4K2. Tel: (416) 964-9415 1-800-268-7070 Email: info@carsondunlop.com. Alan Carson is a past president of ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors.
Thanks to Alan Carson and Bob Dunlop, for permission for InspectAPedia to use text excerpts from The HOME REFERENCE BOOK - the Encyclopedia of Homes and to use illustrations from The ILLUSTRATED HOME .
Carson Dunlop Associates provides extensive home inspection education and report writing material. In gratitude we provide links to tsome Carson Dunlop Associates products and services.
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