Intermittent Water Pump Cycling
How to diagnose, find and fix the cause of intermittent or irregular well pump cycling on and off:
This article explains how to diagnose & repair water pump intermittent cycling - the water pump comes on when no water is being run in the building. Intermittent water pump cycling means that the water pump comes on for no apparent reason.
We discuss: Well pump & water tank off-use cycling or water pump turning on-and-off: diagnosis & repair procedures. SHORT CYCLE vs INTRMITTENT CYCLE:
Comparison of Intermittent Well Pump Cycling with a Short-Cycling Water Pump Problem or with Lost Water Pressure. INTERMITTENT CYCLING REPAIRS: How To Fix Water Pump Intermittent Cycling.
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Reader Question: (Nov 16, 2014) Jay
My bladder tank kicks on every like 30 seconds and runs for about five minutes then kicks off and then about 20 seconds later it repeats itself? Any suggestions on what I should try or do?
Intermittent water pump cycling which we explain here means that the water pump comes on for no apparent reason - that is, you are unaware of any water running in the building. (When water is running in a building served by a private well and water tank and pump system it is normal for the water pump to cycle on and off to deliver water to the building.)
So here we are not talking about "short cycling" in which the water pump turns on and off too frequently when water is being run in the building. However, some of the causes of "short cycling" might also lie behind "intermittent pump cycling".Here are the more likely causes of the water pump coming on at odd times when you're not (aware of) running any water. You may want to investigate these possible causes roughly in the order they are listed below.
[Click to enlarge any image] Shown in the photo: a rusted, leaky air volume control on a water pump.
Leaks in well piping:Short cycling of a water pump means that the water pump turns on and off too rapidly or too frequently when water is being run in the building.
If this is the problem with your water pump,
see WATER PUMP SHORT CYCLING CAUSES.
and this water tank or control repair article:
WATER TANK REPAIRS: DIAGNOSE SHORT CYCLING WATER PUMP
Loss of water pressure means that the pressure with which water enters a plumbing fixture has become too slow, or is sometimes too slow or weak in water flow rate, or water flow may stop entirely.
See WATER PRESSURE LOSS DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR
(Mar 27, 2015) tammie said:
my pump kicks on then as it shuts off it hesitates 4 or 5 times and the bladder is not filled does this with and without water running
Sounds like a clogged water filter, pipe, closed valve, or a bladder stuck to itself in the pressure tank.
Occasionally burned pump contacts, loose wiring, or even a debris -clogged pressure switch could be at fault but usually the trouble is that the pump can't send water out into the pressure tank or building fast enough: a blockage is making it reach cutoff pressure almost immediately - seconds or less after it starts.
Watch the pressure gauge: that may help you see the problem I describe.
(June 17, 2015) Gil said:
New water pump installed recently. Concerned because pump will turn on for no reason approx. 3 to 4 times a day and run for 10 to 15 seconds. Is this normal?
(June 27, 2015) Ron said:
Our water pump was just recently replaced a year ago, however for the last few days it has been acting wierd as in
-weird intermitten clicking or banging in the piplines
-the banging occurs only after flushing the downstairs toilet
-and to me it seems like the water pressure is at 3/4 of usual strenth
However today the banging and vibrations happened more frequenty and after using any of the downstair plumbing, also the noise was louder. There is a big storm passing through the area here in Lansdale,Pa and at first I attributed that to the frequent breaker short ciruiting, however the only breaker that needs to be reset is the well pump one.
...
And now the pump no longer works it is a brand new pump and just recently intalled, flipping the breaker causes a thump and cuts the breaker back to off again. Also the orignal pump also went bad during a storm is thier any correlation there? Need to pick someone's brain.
Also any suggestion for any local (Lansdale, PA) reputable well repair men obviouslt the last guys failed to get the job done.
(July 16, 2015) Chris said:
This year at my cottage, I installed a new 3/4 hp pump and a new Hanflo foot valve. My pressure tank is an old galvanized steel, air over water tank.
The pump cycles every 12 minutes for 2 minutes, like clockwork, when no water is running. I have shut off all the valves downstream from the pressure tank, so I think it is either the tank or the foot valve or both? Is it normal for a pump to run so regularly? By the way it is also very hot to the touch.
(Sept 2, 2015) Carl said:
I have a well on our farm house with a 44 gal. WelTrol tank. Yesterday it started short cycling when no water was being used.
The tank feels like it is completely full of water. I can't shake it and tapping it anywhere, even at the very top, sounds solid, no metal ring like a healthy tank sounds.
It cycles on and off every five (5) seconds. It runs up to about 80 cuts off then back on again at 50 and all that takes 5 seconds or so. I'm guessing the bladder has completely failed.
The tank was installed in 1992. So that makes it 23 years old. A new pump was installed about ten years ago and the tank was fine then. I'm out in the country and it will take a day or two to get a new tank. If I add air to the tank will that let me limp by for a day or two?
Or should I let some irrigation sprinklers run (they're plumbed right off the main supply coming from the pump, and that would keep the pump running during the day until we can replace the tank.
I thought I had noticed in the last week or so that the pump was coming on a little too often but I assumed someone was using water and didn't take the time to check it out. Any help would be appreciated. Thank you. Carl in South Carolina
(Oct 22, 2015) David said:
I have a 3/4 horse pump submergable pump just put it in yesterday it come on for 3to 4 minits and then it stops pumping for 3to 5 minits what could it be
(Dec 4, 2015) james clark said:
I can shut off pump water before it gets to tank and pump stays off? I have no leaks, when i put pressure on tank pump cuts on and off every min. I have 28lb on tank at pump cut off at 30lb
b. what is my problem?
Gil the article above poses some possible causes of the condition of "pump turns on for no reason"
Ron: short cycling or rapid cycling can trip a circuit breaker or even burn out a pump pressure control switch or pump motor.
Ron I'd look at two InspectApedia articles on
- well pump short cycling
and
- water hammer
(try the search feature)
David:
If the pump is running out of water or otherwise overheating that may be the cause.
James:
Check your air gauge, check actual tank pressure, and most important check for a waterlogged tank. That sounds like the trouble.
To correct the problem of water pumps coming on when there is no apparent reason, we need to find which of the causes listed above is occurring. Look for problems like those listed earlier in this article and fix them.
IF that does not cure mysterious well pump cycling when you believe no one is running water in the building, look for more hidden causes such as a hidden leak in water supply piping or well piping underground.
The most common causes of hidden causes of intermittent pump cycling:
Remember that though it's not common, on occasion more than one water pump cycling fault could be present. Each of the possible causes listed above is also discussed as a diagnosis and repair topic at this website.
I have a similar issue. First we experienced intermittent running of our well tank. The tank would run when we were not calling for water.
We had the tank replaced and upgraded from 20 gallons to 35 gallons. Our pressure switch is set at 30/50 psi. We were told that the valve(??) was bad because water did not shoot out and air was sucked back in when the tank was replaced. Since having the tank replaced, the psi still decreases when we're not running water. In addition a new problem has started.
Our water slows down and then stops completely for about 15 seconds during various times of the day (showers, washing dishes, etc.) and the water will spit at times (running faucets or when the toilet fills up). We verified that we have no leaks in or around the house. Our pump is submersible. Thank you very much. - Tara
Sorry, I have to make a correction. Our pressure switch is set at 40/60 psi. Thanks. - Tara
Tara:
I'm not sure what "valve" you were told was bad. Perhaps a foot valve or check valve?
A bad check valve or foot valve can lead to loss of pump prime and thus loss of water pressure. While that cause and symptom are not usually intermittent but rather a hard failure, a slow leak in a check valve or foot valve could show on occasion up as intermittent water pressure loss.
That is, if water is being run frequently and the leaky valve is a slow leak, the pump may retain enough water to not lose prime (assuming we're talking about an above-ground well pump here). But when water is left off for a longer period and the slow leak has time to lose more water from the pump, piping, and even pressure tank, one could lose water pressure.
The fact that you replaced the water tank and are not running water but still see a loss of water pressure read on the gauge at the tank is a strong suggestion that you have either
When your well pump is submersible (yours), you won't experience loss of prime (the pump is under water and always can prime itself). But you can see air in the well piping and water tank system and loss of water pressure as we've both described.
The "spitting" you describe at faucets or at a toilet can be caused by air entering the well piping through the same leak that in other pressure conditions lets water leak out.
I think it's time to have a plumber or well expert investigate the well piping for leaks.
Thank you for your reply. Our invoice states that the "check valve" was replaced. I do know that it is the valve that is very close to the well tank. Are the terms "check valve" and "foot valve" interchangeable for the same valve or are they two separate valves? As I am understanding it, I think the check valve is visible and near the tank; the foot valve is below the ground at the bottom of the submersible pump.
I am struggling to understand why our water stops and spits now after having the tank and valve replaced when we did not have this problem prior to the new tank and valve. Just tonight I have noticed a hissing sound coming from the well tank that I did not previously hear.
Our plumber is on vacation this week. I am trying to educate myself as much as possible before next week. I'm concerned about assuming the problem is the foot valve and pulling up the pump as our plumber seems to want to do. I would think that if the the foot valve was leaking we would have had the loss of water all along. Thank you very much.
Tara a check valve may be at an above ground pump or at the bottom of the well (where it's better called a foot valve.) If the worker did not pull the well piping they didn't replace a foot valve.
See WELL PIPING CHECK VALVES
and the separate
article WELL PIPING FOOT VALVES for details.
I don't know what's hissing (air, water, or a control or an air volume control). I hope you'll tell us what the plumber says about that hissing - it's important in helping other readers.
About your earlier comment and my reply: if you are not running water but still see a loss of water pressure read on the gauge at the tank is a strong suggestion that you have one of the problems we list above - or
see How To Fix Water Pump Intermittent Cycling in this article.
Also, we have often seen that any work on a well, pump, piping, tank and water tank system can disclose other marginal components or problems that were not obvious earlier.
For example just stirring up dirt and debris in the well or well piping can cause clogging of the water pressure sensor switch leading to odd water pressure behavior, or clogging of a water filter leading to loss of pressure.
And both old water types on occasion a new bladder-type water pressure tank can suffer from a bladder that sticks to itself, preventing water from entering or leaving the pressure tank.
See WATER PRESSURE TANKS, BLADDER TYPE.
Watch out: besides a bad check valve or foot valve, a leaky pipe anywhere between the bottom of the well and the building interior can also lead to intermittent water pump cycling.
See WELL PIPING LEAK DIAGNOSIS or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or see the complete ARTICLE INDEX.
(Dec 24, 2015) Kent said:
Our pump is intermittently cycling we have no water running and can not find any leaking faucets, toilets... the pressure gauge is not moving (pegged out)where should we start? Will turning the pump off create more problems ?
Don't turn off the pump as you may lose prime. Do review the article above. Let me know if questions remain.
(Dec 25, 2015) kent said:
Did turn pump off but back on now. Turned water off to house and it still intermittently cycles. Now have dirty water. Where to start. Other then calling nplumber
Reply:
Kent, in the article above I list common causes of intermittent pump cycling: these are the things to look for yourself; a running toilet can be hard to spot: try turning them off.
1 Jan 2016
Val said:
Intermittent cycling stops when I shut water to house off. No appliances leaking. Do you think it's piping under the house?
Val that was a smart diagnostic move - turning off water into the house. As the intermittent pump cycling stopped we can guess that indeed the problem is on the house side of the shutoff valve.
I would look
first for a running toilet - that can be subtle and hard to spot so try shutting off the water supply to individual toilets for a while.
second for a leak in supply piping somewhere that you can't see - such as under the house, so if there are shutoff valves that let you turn off some sections of supply piping that may help you track that down
Val said:
I know that a leak is not acceptable but measured time between cycles and it took about 30 min to empty 20 gallon pressure tank.
I can do a lot but going under the house is not one of them (not that it matters but female)! Would I be able to wait until business day next week? Thank you for responding so fast :)
No toilet leaking. Used food dye.
Reply:
Val:
I'm guessing your home is built over a hard-to-access crawl area; I'm in a tough spot trying to guess about how much damage an unattended leak is going to cause for a building I can't see. If it were my house I'd try to look into the space, even if just with a flashlight from a crawl space entry.
If I saw water wetting heating or electrical components I'd want to turn water off and call for urgent repair help - for safety.
If I thought water were running into walls or ceilings I'd want to turn off water to stop costly soaking of building components that are going to require demolition to repair:
Otherwise I would be OK with waiting for a less costly service call after the new Year.
Val said:
It's a mobile home so very creepy under there. I checked walls around around appliances faucets and showers. Did not find any damp spots. I understand you can give me an opinion on it. Is there a way that I can calculate the loss of water aside from the simple 20 gallons/30 min? Just worried about pump.
Reply:
OK. Good going.
Ok to wait;
When you do have someone inspect below to find and fix the leak, be sure that they also check to see if the insulating blanket or body wrap under your mobile home was soaked. If it was you'll want that removed, the under-floor dried, and then new insulation installed - to prevent a costly mold contamination problem.
So is your well pump short-cycling? Intermittent cycling? Or is something else wrong? Or are there two things wrong?
In response to this reader question: Pump clicks ON for 2 minutes then is OFF for 7 minutes regularly. No water is being run. Is this normal?
We have moved this discussion to a new article. A.L. and other readers, please
see WATER PUMP DRAWDOWN VOLUME & TIME
...
Below you will find questions and answers previously posted on this page at its page bottom reader comment box.
Firstly thanks for all the different replies and various potential solutions, however I have still not found a potential answer to my specific problem.
Problem - Intermittent cycling due to loss of pressure.
System - Mains feeding an above ground folding tank, then back into the house via a bladder style pump to increase the pressure - with multiple cut off valves to isolate the tank and pump in order to run off the mains in the winter.
Test 1 - watching the meter reader for water being lost in the closed system - No additional water goes through the mains counter in an hour period with an average of 4-5 extra pump cycles during the hour.
Test 2 - Isolate the pump on both sides. Pressure dropping stops - tentative conclusion air from the to pump not escaping through a faulty bladder valve.
Test 3 - Open the house side of the pump. Pressure remains steady, no drop. tentative conclusion, system is pressurized and no leaks for pressure to escape
Test 4 - Close the house side and open the incoming tank side. Pressure now drops at steady rate. Isolating further down the line stops it again. When placing my ear to the pipes close to the pump or any isolation valve and opening slowly I can hear a faint hissing sound which I can only assume is air escaping - my logical assumption is therefore I should see some bubbles coming up from the bottom of the tank, however I cannot detect any air coming back into the tank - at least none is visible.
Assumption, but not sure. Something is wrong with the pump allowing pressure to go in the opposite direction back to the holding tank - but no clue as to what the part would be called or how to fix it.
As there is no change in the over amount of water in the system over an extended period of time I cannot see how this would be a leak plus this has been happening now for months and based on how often it cycles without any water running I would expect our backyard to resemble a lake.
Any thoughts at all on why a pump would lose pressure and hear the reverse pipes with the sound of air or at the very least fluid flowing the wrong way and not show any obvious signs of where it is going would be very welcome. On 2023-09-25 by Jared
H
by InspectApedia Publisher - Intermittent cycling due to loss of pressure
@Jared,
If you're losing pressure then either there's water running somewhere in the building, such as a running toilet that may not be obvious, or there's a leak somewhere else.Often we can isolate the problem by turning off water supply selectively either to parts of the building or between the building and the water pressure tank.
For example if you turn off all water leaving the water pressure tank and the pressure still drops then the leak is probably on the well or water supply side.
by Jared
@InspectApedia tried all that an as its a closed system being feed via the mains I can see the water reading. Can not use water all day long and the meter reader does not change yet the pump loses pressure and cycles.
None of the system is underground except for a few feet of pipe which is barely underground, so definitely no water leaking from the system - as mentioned this doesn't happen when isolating the water before the behind the pump so 100% no leaks in the house or running toilets - solved those issues years ago.
So the question therefore is, is it actually possible to lose pressure as air out of a system backwards without having a leak in a pipe.by InspectApedia DF (mod) - is it possible to lose pressure as air out of a system backwards without having a leak in a pipe
@Jared,
If pressure in the water system is dropping, I don't assume it's air pressure in your tank that's being lost UNLESS you can actually close off the tank from any other plumbing connections and then see both a pressure drop and no water leakage.
Rather, water leaking or running anywhere in the system will cause a pressure drop.
OR your gauge itself is faulty and is sticking at a high pressure then falling. As it's quick, easy, inexpensive, try replacing the pressure gauge .by Jared
@InspectApedia DF, Thank you for your replies. I will keep investigating
Hey, my well pump was coming on every 7 or so seconds, and it was shaking the well T when it did come on. I read your website and diagnosed it and added air and now I've got it so it goes 31 seconds. Thanks for the info it was very helpful, the guide type format really helps for diagnosis. On 2015-12-24 by Do it your selfer
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