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One Line Jet Pump (C) Daniel Friedman Water Pressure Diagnostic Table FAQs-4

Water pump repair Q&A set 4


Questions & answers about diagnosing problems with water pressure:

These FAQs help diagnose the reason that a water pump or well pump won't start, won't stop, or cycles on and off too often.

This article series provides a series of 3 tables giving step by step checklist for diagnosing water pressure, water pump, and water well problems. We give diagnostic and repair procedures for both municipal water supply problems and well water supply problems.

InspectAPedia tolerates no conflicts of interest. We have no relationship with advertisers, products, or services discussed at this website.

- Daniel Friedman, Publisher/Editor/Author - See WHO ARE WE?

FAQs Poor Water Pressure from a Pump - #4

Photograph of a one line jet pump (C)Daniel Friedman 2007These questions & answers about how to figure out why a water pump won't start running, won't stop running, or runs switching on and off too often were posted originally

at WATER PRESSURE TABLE 1: PUMP WON'T RUN, WON'T STOP, or CYCLES - so you will want to be sure to review that advice,

or start right at the top: WATER PRESSURE PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS TABLE.

Water pressure tank is empty after replacing our hot water heater. I think there is a sediment clog somewhere

I recently replaced my water heater without any problems and filled it according to standard practice.

While refilling, I noticed a lot of sediment from the faucets, which is pretty common in this area every time water is cut off. I replaced my sediment filter but noticed the pressure tank is empty. Water pressure of the house meets any single appliance demand, but it we try to run two fixtures at once, the water will cut off, about thirty seconds, then turn on again.

My current well level is relatively high. My guess is that I have a sediment clog preventing the tank from filling. Would you please offer your insight and perhaps supply a link if this specific issue has already been addressed? Thank you. - Kevin

Reply:

Kevin:

I agree that your diagnosis sounds reasonable - if water is not entering your water pressure tank a symptom will be short cycling on and off of the water pump. The sediment you report could have clogged the water entry port at the tank.

Provided your water tank is not waterlogged (lacking any air charge) you could try forcing water into the pressure tank by temporarily holding the pressure control relay closed to pump water to say 70 psi to see if you can force through a blockage at the tank entry.

WATCH OUT not to over pressurize your tank and blow it up (you can be hurt or killed) and Watch out: not to get shocked - there are live wires in the pressure control switch.

See SHORT CYCLING WATER PUMP,

and if you confirm that the water tank is not taking in water, you'll probably need to drain the tank, then
make sure it's air charge is correct

(WATER TANK AIR, HOW TO ADD)

 

Bad well pump control box, relay switch, or pressure switch can give water pressure problems

I found your articles extremely helpful for trying to diagnose my poor water pressure/quantity problem. They helped me to understand how my system works and to figure out that our problem wasn't with the pressure tank or pressure switch.

I did, however, figure out on my own that the problem was with the control box/relay switch (your articles did help me figure out what the heck that box was and what it did, though).

It was an easy fix once I diagnosed the problem. Maybe there should be more mention of the control box and that being a potential cause of poor water pressure. I'm glad I didn't believe the well technician who thought our well was running dry! - Dawn T.

Reply: tracking down a bad well pump relay switch

Dawn thanks for the nice note, and I'm so glad our information was helpful.

If you would take a moment to let me know what you did to track down the problem to the "control box relay" (I am guessing you mean the pump control relay switch) I'll be glad to write up and add that information as it would certainly help other readers. Some photos of the equipment you are discussing would be very valuable too.

Use the CONTACT link found on our pages to send me photos or more suggestions.

Thanks so much

 

Sudden loss of water pressure, adding air to the pressure tank didn't help

I have a 7yr old submersible that feeds our whole house. Turned a faucet on and it has low pressure. Worked fine hours prior. Never had low pressure so never checked air pressure in bladder tank.

I looked at the PSI gauge and it reads 10psi. The tank seems empty or close to it. When turning the breaker on and off I hear a gurgling in the pipes tool.

The contacts look perfect, I put some air in the tank with a hand pump but nothing changed. I have low low pressure but don't want the pump running so i turned it off for the night. its of course 2am now.

I have read the website and still cannot figure out where to start diagnosing this mess. It happened suddenly so that scares me but do have some although very low pressure. It just seems like the pump is on low speed and just pumps to the house an not the tank.

Does the piping have a valve in it or just the pipe that goes up to the switch box and the spigot for the PSI gauge? Other than that don't see why the tank wouldn't get filled. any help on this would be awesome. Thanks

my email is 3010ict @ Gmail - King Ray

Reply: track down why the well pump is not turning on

KingRay it sounds as if your pump is not coming on, or if it is running, that it is not reaching pressure, either because of a control problem or perhaps low water level in the well. Try going to the table above and scan through the steps from the top of the table (making sure there is electrical power, figuring out if the pump is turning on) to see what helps.

 

We lost water pressure after changing over our pressure tank

I just replaced my "non-pressurized" cold water tank with a "pressure tank". Now, when the pump reaches the low, on pressure, my water slows way down and my pressure drops. What could be causing this? It did not do this prior to the tank change. - Anon

Reply: check for sediment clogging of the pressure control switch; check for wiring errors if you touched wiring connections.

Particularly if your new pressure tank installation did not include a new pressure control switch, the tank change out may have stirred debris that has clogged the sensor port on your pressure switch.

Clogging occurs in the small diameter mounting tube (typically 1/8" NPT) that connects the pressure control switch to the water supply piping at the tank bottom, or at the still smaller orifice at the bottom of the pressure control switch. A quick fix is to simply replace these parts.

Also be sure your pump is moving water - it may need to be primed.

 

We are getting sudden water pressure spikes of 200 psi

I have an outside deep well that runs all outside irrigation. My pressure tanks are located in my barn about 50 yards from the well head.

The well produces 40 gal per minute. Irrigation lines run from my barn to around my house which is 150 to 200 yards away. The where the well and barn are located is a slightly higer elevation than the house.

Since installing the system 4 years ago, we have had periodic breaks in the lines between the well and barn. Guys were out this week to test pressure at various points. What we have discovered is that the pressure spikes for about 1 second, at just one spicket to 200 psi. any thoughts? - Rick Gilbert 11/5/11

Reply: dangerous condition, check pressure switch

Rick,

Watch out: A sudden pressure spike of 200 psi is very dangerous, likely to cause a burst pipe or burst water pressure tank - that can injure anyone nearby. It sounds as if your pressure control switch is not properly sensing the water pressure and not turning off the pump; also check for a double error of both a debris clogged pressure switch and a waterlogged pressure tank.

 

We have inadequate water pressure when two things run at once - installer says it's normal

Recently replaced the well water pressure tank since we loose pressure when a toilet is flushed and faucet is turned on immediately after - we called the well people who did the installation, they came out and checked the equipment and told us everything is normal. We never experienced this problem until they replaced the tank - any help will be greatly appreciated. thank you. - George 11/18/11

Reply: nonsense

I don't agree that it's normal to have inadequate water pressure when a toilet tank is filling and you turn on a nearby faucet. If the cutoff pressure at the building is normal (40-50 psi) then you may have a clogged pipe problem.

 

Our water pressure just gets worse and worse

We have progressively less water pressure as time goes by. We also have a water softener system.

Our water pressure tank read 20psi. Any ideas want is wrong? - Jim Jones 2/18/12

Reply:

I suspect that your pipes are clogging with mineral deposits - check the water pressure tank at the point when the pump has just shut off; you should see 30-50 psi. If not then the problem is pump or control switch;

If yes the problem is not system pressure but rather poor flow.

 

Can an air leak in my submersible pump cause loss of water pressure in my irrigation system - should I dump cream of wheat cereal into the well

I was told by someone that my loss of pressure when i run my lawn irrigation system is caused from air leak in my deep well submersable pump. I was told to take the cap off and put a box of cream of wheats and 5 gallon bucket of water down the pipe. he said it would plug up the air leak and fix the problem. - Anon 2/5/12

Reply: NO! don't do that

Anon:

The advice you received is in my opinion idiotic.

First of all a submersible pump is normally under water, so it's not going to suffer an air leak at the pump; if the pump is NOT under-water and thus is picking up air, that means that the well flow rate itself is inadequate - that's a well problem not a pump problem. If that were the case you'd see air coming out of faucets or sprinklers.

Second, dumping goop into a well is not going to fix the well. The best you can hope for is that your cream of wheat clogs up and ruins your pump itself.

Do not dump cream of wheat, nor oatmeal, nor any other gobbeldygoop into your well.

If there are leaks in the well piping anywhere from the well pump to the final sprinkler heads, yes, when the system is running the pressure will be worse than previously.

 

Nearby fruit trees dropped the local water table, now we run out of water

1 hp shallow well jet pump for home shallow well 70-140'. pump was giving 60-70psi easy at first but nearby orange groves keep drain the local wells.

Have to shut off pump when they water for frost or during dry season then reprime a day later to stop over heating. we have one bladder tank but no resivor tank. hot water tank is in house also shut off when well shut off.

now pump can only barely reach 50, so we lowered the shut off by turning the big spring. the bladder tank doesn't seem to have much water in it but it does seem to have air, but don't know how much is suppose to be in that tank of air or water. has the running dry for a hour or 3 before we noticed the well went dry damaged the impeller or is the problem with the pump they are only about a year old or could it be a problem with the well.

what has been done so far:
adjusted shut off, reprimed pump, redid any screw on pipe seal with plumbers tape that seemed to have an air leak pipe seal have to be redone if the well goes dry and the pump gets hot until no water drips and no air leak can be heard

the pump is a goulds pump itt jplus jet pump
model c48a95a06-j10 b0865194
rpm 3450
amps13.016.5
the guys that installed it decided that it the well didn't need the jet adapter and did the nonjet install. - Arachia 3/21/12

Reply:

In general, the choices are to improve well yield, drill a new well, or add large capacity water storage at the property and fill those tanks slowly without exceeding your well's flow rate.

 

After replacing a submersible pump we can't get water pressure, do we need a new tank?

We just replaced a submersible pump (well is about 350 ft deep). When we turned it back on the pressure on the gauge goes up to 50 and turns off and drops down to about 30 but doesnt build back up. Do we need a new pressure tank? - Roger 5/1/12

Reply:

Roger, if the pressure does not return after falling in your water system then either the pump is not turning on when it should or there is a well piping leak or a control problem.

The water pressure tank smooths the flow of delivery of water as the pump cycles on and off and avoids rapid pump on-off cycling, but it does not determine system pressure.

Try checking for dirt or debris clogging at both the gauge and the pressure control switch, or just replace them.

 

Dug Well in the Philippines is not giving enough water - what can we do ?

we just built a well for my family back home in the Philippines but until now is not done yet. they already dig 85 ft. it works but the water running for 30 t0 45 mins then it stop. they thought that there is no enough water. they dig more until they reach 110 ft but still do the same. please help us what's the problem? the Pipes, pump or the water level? thank you! -Jean 5/21/12

Reply:

Jean, by looking into the well you will see where in the course of the depth of the well shaft water is entering. Digging deeper, if it does NOT get lucky enough to disclose new water entry points, is not going to increase the well flow rate. It can, however, increase the volume of water stored in the well and thus give a reserve of water for daily use. Beyond those general remarks, you need someone on scene to determine if you have a well pipe or pump problem.

 

Help us diagnose the cause of sudden water pressure & flow problems -

I all of a sudden started having pressure/flow problems. If I am running one fixture and turn on another I lose pressure to the other. For example if I run the shower and the washer starts to fill, the shower will lose all flow. Garden hose being turned on will do the same thing, or just any other faucet in the house.

Often my pressure in a single faucet/shower will be o.k., but not great, other times I will have excellent pressure like before. I seldom have enough water pressure at my outdoor spigots for my hoses to run a sprinkler. I have an approx. 15 year old submersible that seems to be working fine, if I open the ball valve where the water comes into the house from the pump I can fill a 6 gallon water can in a very short time with high pressure and it doesn't seem to slow at all before I have to close the valve.

I have replaced the water pressure switch with the next higher switch, with no real improvement. I do have an approx. 4' tall bladder tank that I increased the air pressure to so it would match the new pressure switch. I'm at a loss, but it would be nice to be able to run a sprinkler again, or not have to run downstairs to shut off the washer before getting in the shower. None of this was a problem until recently, any suggestions would be helpful. - Dan 7/10/12

Reply:

Dan, if water pressure reaches a normal level at pump shut-off when you are not running any water in the building, say 40 or 50 psi, then the pump is capable of delivering adequate pressure and the problem is elsewhere.

Examples of possible problems in this case include

 

We are having trouble getting water pumped out of a cistern

Help! I have a cistern with 1 1/2 inch plastic piping and a 1HP (non-self priming) pump. Water is drawn up 6ft vertically, approx. 30 ft horizontaly and down 6 ft to the pump & pressure tank. It is an additional 20 ft to my house. The system was new 3 yrs ago. When it works, it works fine.

The problem is it will work perfectly for a few weeks/months then the pump will not shut off causing a loss/or no pressure to the house. It is increadibly difficult to prime the pump. Once it is running it usually works fine for a few days, weeks ect. I have replaced the pressure switch twice and the pressure tank.

The recent pressure switch change was a couple of weeks ago and it features an automatic shut off component so the pump won't burn out.Lately when the pump won't shut off I have been wacking the switch and everything starts working again (generally for a few days). I have had several plumbers make adjustments.

Comments range from.....air leak somewhere in the line, adjust pressure switch, to insufficent power to overcome check valve. I am unable to make a logical decision what to do. Also if there is an air leak at a joint would silicon be sufficent to fix the problem or should it be replaced? I am considering buying a 1.5 HP self-priming pump? - Mike 11/9/12

Reply:

Mike,
A 1hp pump ought to be able to lift 6ft, but a bad foot valve or check valve could be losing prime. Sometimes a bad check valve will stick open, but just on occasion, making the problem intermittent, but more likely after a longer period of disuse.

Keep us posted.

 

Sudden, complete, brief loss of all water pressure for 3-5 seconds

It has recently developed that ocassionally all flow at all users will be lost for about 3-5 seconds. It occurs when one user is active (shower) and another turns on (toilet, sink). It may occur sometimes when only one user is active (shower or sink) but I have not been able to verify this.

The pressure switch seems to work OK, but the pressure gauge doesn't work well (must be tapped for the needle to move - I need to change it).

Is this likely to be an air tank problem or a pump problem or something else? I have reviewed the articles and have not found clear direction. - Gary 12/3/12

Reply:

Gary,

For a pump problem to explain what you describe I'd expect the water tank to have no water in it at all, or to be almost completely waterlogged, having no air charge at all. Otherwise the water tank would keep pressure flowing across pump turning on and off. So I don't suspect a water pressure tank problem.

If the water pressure tank is completely waterlogged, then it is not going to keep ANY water flowing on its own. In that case, as soon as you turn water on the pump comes on as well and runs almost constantly (depending on water usage rate); it may be that your pressure tank is almost completely waterlogged, so when the pump stops (though just briefly as the tank has so little air charge), water flow also stops.

 

What do I check to get water going if I think something is frozen?

Have had extreme cold weather here.
Last week we woke up one morning and had no water pressure.
Have submersible pump in 4" well casing.

After some heat application I noted a small increase in tank pressure - approx 10 lb.
Would not increase past that. I have been using panel switch to turn pump off and on
and I get a flow of close to pencil width. About 10 minutes to fill small pail.

Submersible has been in well for 30 years or so.
Can I check anything to get pressure or should I consider replacing pump?

Water line to house is close to surface and has a heat cable attached. It certainly
is a pain in this cold weather. (Jan 27, 2014) Bill Schultz

Reply:

Bill:

Leave some faucets open in hope that you will relieve increasing water pressure in water supply piping that may be freezing. There is a chance that that will reduce the chance of burst pipes. Of course if water begins to flow at normal rate you'll shut it off.

Often if water supply piping anywhere in the system is PARTLY blocked by freezing but you can get water flowing, by leaving water running you'll thaw out the frozen line. So I'd try that too.

But I would NOT leave a well pump running if no water is being delivered as I'm worried about damaging the pump.

Check that your heating cable is live and working.

Beyond that, you can try using a normal hair dryer to blow warm air on the coldest pipe sections indoors.

Search InspectApedia for the article PIPE FREEZE-UP POINTS for a series of articles on finding where pipes are most-likely to be freezing and how to deal with the problem.

Bill

Also search InspectApedia for our article

DE-WINTERIZE a BUILDING

for more suggestions about thawing frozen pipes

Keep us posted.

Daniel

Reader follow-up

Thanks for your view.
I have not traced any frozen pipes to house, so I suspect outside pipe to well, Pipe in well,
or pump itself are the problem.
Still getting a pencil width stream of water when I turn pump on. Too weak to pressurize tank to
cutout pressure.

Reply:

If water pressure is never improving I suspect

- a damaged pump
- a well piping leak
- low voltage to the pump

Keep us posted. What you find will doubtless help other readers.

Reader follow-up: - found the trouble: it was a well piping leak

(Feb 24, 2014) Bill Schultz

Finally getting around to telling what I found with my pump/wellhead.
After digging out wellhead, I found a major leak at a nylon fitting at top of water piping.

After rigging a fix, I tightened a nipple too tight, creating an even larger leak. My son
and I finally rigged a temporary fix for the wellhead that didn't leak

. I immediately got full
pressure in the house and its been working well ever since. 33 year old submersible still going
strong - but I have a replacement on hand to install this summer.

Reply:

Stupendous, Bill. Kudos for finding the issue. It's surely true that a well piping leak that is occurring inside the well casing can kill water pressure as well as be hard to spot unless someone pulls the casing top and takes a look. Sometimes we can see the problem as a loss of prime (if the pup is aboveground) but with a submersible pump in the well we don't get that clue.

If you've got any details that might help another reader home in on this particular water pressure loss problem - due to a well piping leak - it'd b a boon if you posted those added comments.

Thanks again for the follow-up;

Daniel

 

 

 

Is it possible to replace a check valve on the well pump?

After installing a new pressure tank l found that the pump cycles too frequently and a thorough diagnosis suggest that the chceck valve allows water to flow back into the storage tank which is elevated relative to the pump which is a 1/2 hp Sears model Shallow Well pump.

Same is on good condition except for the check valve which l will replace if l can obtain a replacement. The new pressure tank is a Flotec, an exact replica of the original Craftsman tank. That made the connections easy to transfer to the new tank. It is very likely that the pump cycled frequently for a considerable period unbeknownst to us since it sits in the back of our large property and we were not aware of the pump motor's noise.

It is quite obvious that as soon as we stop using water in the house, the pressure gauge shows a rapid loss of water pressure even after shutting off the valve on the pipe leading to the house. There are no leaks on or near the pump, mounted on the tank but water can be heard splashing into the tank concurrent with the gauge showing water loss until the pump kicks in when pressure gets to 28 lbs from the 45 lbs when the motor stops.

Are the check valves replacable? (May 22, 2014) Gunther

Reply:

Yes Gunther, it sounds as if you should replace the check valve. Yes they are replaceable

 

What would cause quick loss of pressure when drawing large water volume (or rate)

I’m having some issues with my well system and was wondering if you could help. Overall, it seems to be working OK for basic household stuff, but when I have a higher volume situation like running the sprinkler system I lose pressure very quickly. For the first 4-5 minutes of the sprinkling cycle, everything seemed to be working fine.

But then the pressure dropped way down and barely any water was coming from the heads. This happened on any of the zones that were being run, so I don’t believe it is a sprinkler system problem. When the pressure is low, the pressure valve reads approximately 20 psi.

The on/off pressure switch for the pump is set at 45 psi and 65 psi. It appears as though the sprinkling system is pulling too much water and the pump/pressure tank can’t keep up – even though the same exact system worked fine last year.

I initially thought it might be a pressure tank issue, because the tank seemed to be completely filled with water. So, I turned the pump off, connected a hose and drained all the pressure/water from the system. I then checked the tank air pressure and found it to be at 12 psi. I added air to get the air pressure up to about 41-42 psi and turned the pump back on.

Now the sprinkler system will only run about 1-2 minutes before it shuts down with no pressure. I again checked the pressure tank, and this time it seems to be empty of water and basically all air. I probably really messed something up, but I’m now looking for some help or advice on what to do next. Thanks a lot. (May 28, 2014) Ron

Reply:

Ron I am *guessing* from your note that the problem is not the tank but EITHER

- the well flow rate itself is too limited to support a higher water flow rate

OR

- the pump can't pump at the desired rate when you are running a lot of water

The pressure tank is limited in volume and flow rate - it can not give more pressure than the pump can deliver once the initial volume in the tank has been depleted.

The options are to install a higher capacity pump (which can in turn run the well dry) or to install a much larger water pressure tank that also stores a larger volume of water.

Reader follow-up:

Thanks a lot for the response. I guess my question still is, why am I having trouble this year, when the same exact system was able to run the sprinklers last year? Could the performance of the pump deteriorated or could there be something wrong with the tank? It just seems strange that this problem cropped up this year when everything worked OK a year ago.

Reply:

Excellent point. Ask what's changed. The well could have changed in its flow rate, or a pipe leak could have developed somewhere (for example).

Has anyone drilled a new well nearby?

Is there any evidence of a leak in the system?

Is there a malfunctioning air volume control or a snifter valve in the well?

Reader follow-up:

Thanks for the ideas Dan. I did some checking this weekend with no luck. I'll keep looking and if I figure anything out, I'll give an update. Thanks again.

Reply:

Ron

It would be diagnostic to know if, when the pressure has fallen off, the pump is continuing to run or not.

 

Our pump control switch box says pump is "bound" - what do I do now?

My switch box tells me my pump is bound. What is/are my next steps? (June 4, 2014) Richard

Reply:

Pull the pump, test the motor and impeller assembly, repair or replace it. Remember to check for proper voltage and for wiring errors.

 

Can a bad pump harm the pressure tank?

Can a faulty well pump, which still delivers some water, cause the pressure tank to not work properly? When I open a valve before the pressure tank, water spurts out but not at very high pressure. I have a radon bubbler installed after the pressure tank, and the pressure is now at the lower limit of allowing the bubbler to work

so I have to reset the low pressure valve every few hours as the tank empties. My plumber tells me I need a new well pump, because its pressure is too low. I think the pressure tank may not be working. We had a basement flood in the winter and the pressure switch appears corroded. The pump works continually. Any thoughts? (July 4, 2014) Anonymous

Reply:

Anon,

A faulty pump doesn't damage a pressure tank as long as pressures remain within safe range (say under 70 psi), though air leaks into the system via well piping or a bad air volume control could be part of the trouble.

A pump that runs constantly needs to be diagnosed and repaired.

Please see the diagnostic suggestions at

inspectapedia.com/plumbing/Pump_Runs_On.php

Watch out: a pump that pumps to excessive pressures can rupture a pressure tank and even injure someone who is nearby. Be sure that your pump and tank system includes a proper pressure relief valve.

 

We see abnormally low water pressure when filling clothes washer

When I fill up the clothes washing machine, the water pressure drops quickly blow the cut-on pressure of 30 and drops down to 10 although the pump is still running. If I close the water to the washer, it takes about 40 seconds for the pump to reach the cut on point; then the pressure goes up to 50 the cut-off point. What can I do to fix this problem (July 27, 2014) Anonymous

Reply:

Did you try looking through the suggestions in the table above?

We don't know If the problem is pump damage or low well flow rate but your pressure tank is probably waterlogged as well.

...

Continue reading at WATER PRESSURE PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS TABLE or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or see the complete ARTICLE INDEX.

Or see WATER PRESSURE PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS TABLE FAQs-5 - more-recent questions and answers about diagnosing and fixing well or water pumps or pressure booster pumps

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