Asbestos containing products, "other".

This article describes other asbestos-containing products besides those appearing in our master list, such as asbestos-containing abrasives, adhesives, automobiles, bricks, flooring, insulation, lubricants, medical products, metal protective coatings, paper, paints, roads, sealers, & welding rods.

This articles series about the manufacture & use of asbestos-containing products includes detailed information on the production methods, asbestos content, and the identity and use of asbestos-containing materials. Photo at page top illustrates use of asbestos within a butterfly valve observed in Australia in 2013 - discussed further under Bearing Compounds.

Asbestos Found in Other Products & Materials, Abrasives to Welding Rods

The following text is Adapted from Rosato (1959) p. 194-200 [1] © 2021 InspectApedia.com

Abrasives Containing Asbestos

Asbestos is used in limited applications in certain types of abrasive products. The fibers can be used as fillers with various types of rubber-resin systems. Its fine structure and its heat resistant characteristics are desirable. Rubber latex mixtures have also been used to bond abrasive grains. A typical composition includes

Material Parts Asbestos fibers 25 Sulfur 100 Rubber (as latex) 100 Water 100-200 Hemoglobin (dry) 25

This type of product is made by adding the hemoglobin to the latex in order to stabilize the latex. Asbestos and sulfur are added to form a paste and then the abrasive grain is added. This mixture can be formed or extruded into such different shapes as rods. Heat and pressure are applied in order to cure the mixture.

Adhesives Containing Asbestos

From 5 to 60 per cent, by weight, of asbestos shorts and floats are used in adhesives as fillers and extenders.

They are used to give bulk, reduce cost, provide even distribution, reduce penetration, give even penetration, blend resins, reduce dielectric heating time in the curing of adhesives, eliminate crazing, reduce shrinkage and embrittlement, reduce internal stresses, and to provide resistance to heat.

Asbestos fillers are used with such different adhesive compounds as phenolic and nylon-phenolic compounds, urea, resorcinol, furfural, epoxy, nitrile rubber, reclaimed rubber, and silicates. Asbestos is also used in sheet form as an adhesive carrier.

Asbestos was used in bonding adhesives used in bond joints including for a bicycle frame. Details are

at BICYCLE ASBESTOS USES

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Automobile Undercoating Asbestos Content

Asbestos shorts and floats are used to toughen asphalt compounds for undercoating automobiles that was spray-applied or in some cases brush applied (as an after-market product used by the author DF) for both rust proofing and sound deadening benefits.

Was Asbestos used in Ziebart's automotive undercoating/rustproofing/sound-deadening products?

I worked at a Ziebart francise from 1972 till 1997. I am concerned about the undercoating material that was in use at that time it came in yellow barrel possibly not of Ziebarts own manufacture.

They sold it. It wasn't a rustproofing product, It was a sound deadener use product.

I called the company they told me they don't have that information.

I believe they have to have records of all products they have sold and used over the years. I don t want to go through the legal way if not needed! Any information you can provide would be helpful. - On 2017-08-07 by Bill -

Reply by (mod) - Research confirms that asbestos was used in some automotive undercoating products

While we did not find an independent research citation that specifically names Ziebart's automotive undercoating as containing asbestos, it is correct that asbestos was used in some automotive undercoating products, as noted in the following research citations:

• Blake, Charles L., G. Scott Dotson, and Raymond D. Harbison. "Assessment of airborne asbestos exposure during the servicing and handling of automobile asbestos-containing gaskets." Regulatory toxicology and Pharmacology 45, no. 2 (2006): 214-222.
• Blake, Charles L., G. Scott Dotson, and Raymond D. Harbison. "Evaluation of asbestos exposure within the automotive repair industry: a study involving removal of asbestos-containing body sealants and drive clutch replacement." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 52, no. 3 (2008): 324-331.
• Brill, S. E. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IN THE MOTOR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY In Current Approaches to Occupational Health, pp. 195-214. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1987.
  
  Excerpt: In undercoating the body shell by the electrocoat method, the shell is positively charged … other forms of asbestos must be clearly labelled:‘Warning: contains asbestos’. 
• Dotson, Gary Scott. Characterization of asbestos exposure among automotive mechanics servicing and handling asbestos-containing materials [PDF] (2006). Local copy saved as Asbestos-in-UAtomotive-Industry-Dotson.pdf
  
  Excerpt:
  
  Asbestos-containing parts found in vehicles include friction materials, gaskets and undercoating materials.
  
  Each component represents an independent point source of asbestos exposure, and constitutes a unique workplace hazard for professional automotive mechanics.
• Levin, Lester. "Properties and Uses of Asbestos." In Asbestos The Hazardous Fiber, pp. 27-43. CRC Press, 2018.

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Bricks Containing Asbestos

Asbestos bricks have been exposed to temperatures of 2,100°F for one hour without being affected.

See details at

ASBESTOS in BRICKS or MORTAR

Flooring Containing Asbestos

There is always the desire to develop the use of large quantities of waste products from the asbestos mines. Some use has been made of waste products in flooring. Asbetic is a mixture of ground mother rock and the shortest, otherwise unusable, asbestos fibers.

It can also be used for flooring construction with waterglass as a binder and without a magnesia mixture. The compound is hard but not completely water tight.

See ASBESTOS FLOOR TILES

And see ASBESTOS TILE MANUFACTURE

Insulation Containing Asbestos-Silicone

Asbestos-silicone combinations have proved to be efficient thermal insulation for hot aircraft duct work and boiler rooms.

When compared to other insulators such as quartz blankets (for 0.15 in. thickness) at operating temperatures of 450°F, they are more efficient. The compound is made up of medium or short length asbestos with silicone cement (Dow Corning's C-271).

Asbestos in Lubricants

Asbestos fibers are used to a limited extent in lubricants in order to give solidity, and to regulate the melting temperature and rate of flow or melt. The subject of lubricants incorporating asbestos fibers is intimately connected with the mechanical and operating conditions of engines or machinery. A

sbestos floats are generally used in these applications. Varied amounts of asbestos are used; these amounts range from five to fifty per cent by weight.

It is generally considered that fillers are solid materials which add bulk to lubricants. A high percentage of filler will provide for decreased penetration of a lubricating grease. Most fillers consist of inorganic compounds; usually such materials are powders, fibers or flakes rather than granules.

The more common inorganic fillers used are carbon in various forms (graphite and carbon black), silicates (asbestos, mica, talc), and metal powders (aluminum, copper, zinc).

Asbestos filled lubricants in actual service have been found to prolong the life of bearings such as those used in tractor rollers. Theories explain that the asbestos acts as an extreme pressure lubricant and prevents scoring when very heavy loads are imposed on a roller; however, a standard lubricant would permit scoring to take place.

Where a filler alone is used to increase density, there is always the possibility of settling, particularly where the filler is present in low concentration. To prevent this action, lubricants have been made which are stabilized against the separation of the asbestos by including five to forty per cent of petroleum with a melting point above 110°F, 1 to 25 per cent of asbestos, and 50 to 90 per cent of an oil, ranging from 200 to 250 SSTJ viscosity of 210°F.

In some industrial services, where natural dirt and grit are always present, the asbestos floats, properly compounded with oil and soaps form a seal which prevents the entry of the more abrasive material and actually lengthens the life of the bearings.

Lubrication engineers have developed varieties of sodium soap-base greases to which are added asbestos, graphite, talc, and mica. In the following compound, fibrous asbestos has been added to improve the wearing properties of grease pack and to provide cooling at extreme pressure:

Composition %, Wt Soap 35.0 Oil 57.0 Free alkali, sodium hydroxide 0.2 Filler, asbestos 6.5 Moisture 1.0 Undermined 0.3

Heavy duty equipment such as tractors use special rollers which require special lubricants. Asbestos filled lubricants are used in these applications; they provide for longer life of bearings. The asbestos floats used in greases of these types vary greatly in composition.

A tractor roller lubricant could include 1,020 gal of 650 Penn. S.R. stock and approximately 2,300 pounds of asbestos floats. If these tractor roller greases were to be used in applications where they were unnecessary, the general result would be excessive wear of bearings.

Another tractor roller grease used is made up of five to forty-six per cent asbestos (maximum alkali .15 to .30 per cent, maximum free acid .2 per cent, ash 4 to 40 per cent) dispersed in a steam refined cylinder stock of 180 to 200 SUV at 210°F.

Other mixtures involving the use of asbestos for greases include 5 to 50 per cent asbestos, 2 1/2 to 10 per cent granular soapstone, 38 to 90 per cent lubricating oil or grease, and 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 per cent of ground borax.

The composition of an antirust plug valve lubricant is formed from a condensation product of naphthalene and high melting point chlorinated wax, mixed with oil, wax and' asbestos.

A lubricant suitable for washing machine gears consists of 50 to 94 per cent lubricating oil, 5 to 45 per cent of an inter-substantially nonabrasive powder such as air-filtered asbestos, and 1 to 5 per cent of an ester of, a fatty acid of high molecular weight such as glycerol monooleate.

It is reported that millions of pounds of asbestos filled lubricants have been used in the past. The asbestos filled lubricants have been of primary importance where mechanically moving parts had excessive clearance and the parts had been subjected to mud and water. In the past few decades, modern mechanical equipment has made use of parts with relatively no clearance but employing protective measures against mud and water.

Equipment utilizing modern design does not warrant the earlier demand for asbestos filled lubricants; however, asbestos filled lubricating greases are still used predominately in heavy duty tractors, trucks and caterpillars.

Medical Uses of Asbestos

The pharmaceutical recipe book recommends asbestos foot powder. The compound is made with equal weights of boro-salicylated talc dusting powder (RB) and powdered asbestos.

The mix is made so that it will pass through a No. 60 sieve. For temporary dental fillings and relief of toothache, a paste of zinc oxide and powdered asbestos can be used.

ASBESTOS in TALCUM POWDER provides more information about asbestos in baby powder, body powders, and other talcum powder products.

BLACK LIGHT & UV LIGHT USES describes use of that device to show talcum powder on surfaces

Metal Protection Using Asbestos Coatings

The coating of sheet iron and metalware is sometimes performed by using a solution of asbestos, o1uble silicates and phenolic resin. The metal is protected against oxidation when exposed to heat.

In petroleum cracking chambers, the steel lining is coated with a cement for different highly reactive processes. After cleaning and sand blasting, a cement conforming to Table 12.1 is sprayed on with a cement guft using 80 lb pressure.

The layer formed is 1/8 to 1/4 in. thick. This is followed with a brushing solution of silicate of soda. Drying the coating involves a 24 hr slow rising cycle up to 900°F.

TABLE 12.1. ASBESTOS-SILICATE CEMENT * Commercial furnace cement (silicate binder) 60 lb Asbestos 101b Silicate of soda (N or 0) * 10 lb White silica foundry sand 30 lb Water 21b * Philadelphia Quartz Co.

Asbestos in Paints

Asbestos powder is used in the manufacture of fire-proof paints. They are available in different colors. Asbestos-oil paints produce a combination of fireproofing and acid resistance. Special types of asbestos paints have been developed to prevent corrosion of metal.

Asbestos filled asphalt paints have been used for different purposes.

When used on concrete or other masonry, they provide for damp proofing. These particular paints may contain organic resins and vegetable drying oils, which are included to impart hardness and to decrease the temperature susceptibility.

The paints are also used for repairing old roofs. Soft petroleum tar base is generally applied first and then an outer coating of the asphalt base material is used.

Asbestos-asphalt paints are used for protecting pipelines.

These paints without thinners generally give better protection because, by applying hot, it is possible to build up thicker and mechanically stronger asphalt coatings.

Asbestos Paper - more applications

Asbestos can very readily be made into indestructible paper which could be used for preserving valuable public and legal documents. Unfortunately, although the paper withstands fire tests, no fireproof ink has been developed.

See ASBESTOS PAPER DUCT INSULATION

Asbestos Used with Rubber in Road Surfacing

The use of asbestos in rubber for road building, asphaltic and cement compounds is in the development stage. Rubber latex compounds containing asbestos have been used for road surfacing.

A typical formulation uses 100 parts, by weight, of rubber (60 to 70 per cent concentration), 10 to 30 parts asbestos shorts, 60 parts aluminous cement, 30 parts silica, 4 parts carbon black, 4 parts sulfur, and 2 parts zinc oxide.

The water in the compound is adjusted to permit thorough mixing. The surface coating hardens in two days.

Asbestos in Caulks & Sealers

Combinations of long and short asbestos fibers are used with resins, cements and other ingredients to produce sealing or caulking compounds.

The amount of asbestos can be varied to produce soft or pliable sealers (low percentage) and rigid sealers (high percentage). Welding Rods.

Vulcanized Rubber & Asbestos Products

Vulcanized asbestos products are made from combining asbestos fiber and rubber, or in modern versions (still produced in China, Aug 2022) a combination of asbestos fiber and synthetic rubber, using a combination of heat and compression.

Shown here: vulcanized asbestos identification tags, courtesy of InspectApedia reader John D.

[Click to enlarge any image]

These vulcanised rubber products produced a product with very useful flexibility, durability, and water or oil resistance, for example in Johns 1889 patent for insulated electrical wire described in the article cited just below.

Johns found that this electrical wire insulation was heat resistant and practically "fireproof", an important property for electrical wiring if building fires were to be avoided.

See details at VULCANIZED RUBBER & ASBESTOS PRODUCTS

Asbestos in welding rods

Asbestos filled silicate paints are used to coat wire electrodes for arc welding.

This type of coating prevents oxidation at high temperatures. Potassium silicate is generally preferred in these compounds.

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Reader Q&A - also see RECOMMENDED ARTICLES & FAQs

On 2022-08-15 by InspectApedia-911 (mod) - information on vulcanized asbestos?

@John D,

Thank you for the photos and interesting question about vulcanized asbestos. We'll research and add some detail here.

From just the physical appearance and description those "vulcanized asbestos" identity disks don't look at all friable - they're not likely to shed asbestos unless abraded or mechanically damaged, and, of course, the total volume of material is extremely-small - not enough to produce a measurable airborne particle level.

It's perfectly safe to touch these vulcanized asbestos ID tags.

A search for "Vulcanized ID Tags" finds a number of intersting historical references that may be of interest to other readers, now included above on this page.

On 2022-08-15 by John D

Good evening,

Was wondering if you guys had any information on vulcanized asbestos?

Apparently it was used to make identity discs (dog tags) for military personnel from WW1 right up to the 80s in many parts of the British commonwealth (90s in some parts). It is sometimes referred to as compressed fibre?

[Photo above]

Obviously alot of people in Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand will have these in museum collections and I know many people with their families tags from the war at home.

How safe would these be to handle and when they say vulcanized do they mean actually vulcanized or just compressed like compressed celluloid fibre?

On 2022-06-07 by InspectApedia-911 (mod)

@Robert H Welch,

Unlikely.
Insofar as we have found in the history of ceiling treatments, ceiling tiles were not in use in the 1880s. There were, of course, tin or metal ceilings as well as plaster ornamented ceilings. Some plasters might have contained asbestos.

On 2022-06-07 by Robert H Welch

Was asbestos used in mastic for ceiling tile in 1880?

On 2022-03-06 1 by Inspectapedia Com Moderator (mod)

@Lisa M,

Curtains used in theaters and therefore needing to be fire-proof used asbestos but those are not likely to be found in a rental apartment.

On 2022-03-06 by Lisa M

Were curtains lined with asbestos? Our landlord wont let us take them down.

On 2018-06-14 by danjoefriedman (mod)

Bob

That's certainly possible, as an asbestos-tape pipe wrap might have been used on an underground pipe to protect it from corrosion or condensation.

I'd like to see some sharp photos of the pipe exterior as well as an end-cut showing the pipe and insulation in cross section. That would let me say more. Use the Add Image button next to the Comment button.

Disposal of possible or assumed asbestos material depends on regulations that vary by country and city, discussed at ASBESTOS DISPOSAL REGULATIONS https://inspectapedia.com/hazmat/Asbestos_Disposal_Rules.php

On 2018-06-14 by Bob

I obtained a metal water pipe about 20 ft long that is about 50 years old that was under a swimming pool cement deck. The pipe, about an inch diameter, has a white coating all over it and in one location has a clear plastic wrap around the pipe. Do you think this white material is asbestos? Was this common years ago to preserve pipes? If it is asbestos coating, how do I dispose of it? Thank you!

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