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Oil Storage Tank Codes & Standards U.S. EPA listing of industry standards pertaining to oil tanks
POST a QUESTION or COMMENT about heating oil storage tank standards for installation, capacity, location, usage, piping, valves, controls, leaks, etc.
Oil storage tank standards: here is a detailed list of industry standards pertaining to oil storage tanks, expanded from original information provided by the U.S. EPA.
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Industry Codes & Standards For Underground Oil Storgage Tanks (UST) & Systems
Federal UST regulations often require that industry codes and standards be followed (where applicable) to ensure that the UST system works properly. For example, all UST systems must be designed, constructed, and protected from corrosion in accordance with a code of practice developed by a nationally recognized association or independent testing laboratory.
EPA has also included the use of industry codes for other sections of the rule, such as upgrading, repairing, and closing USTs. Industry codes and standards provide a means for improving methods or developing alternative methods of UST system management in a timely manner.
The UST regulations provide a flexible approach to codemaking by relying on nationally recognized organizations to develop new and improved codes and practices. EPA realizes that industry codes and standards may be updated periodically. EPA regulations do not require the use of a particular issue of any code. EPA encourages owners/operators to use the version of the code or standard that is current at the time the activity occurs.
Listed below are some industry codes and standards. Please be aware that there may be other codes or standards not listed here that may be used to meet regulatory requirements. Also be aware that inclusion on the list below does not necessarily imply EPA endorsement of either the code or the developing organization.
Canadian & U.S. State Oil Tank Codes & Regulation & Environmental Agency Directory
The links just below will take you directly to oil storage tank codes by individual Canadian Province or U.S. state.
Assessing Oil Storage Tank Integrity, Repairing Tanks, and Interior Lining Of Tanks - Oil Tank Inspection Requirements
Note that industry codes and standards are copyrighted and are available only from the developing organization. These codes and standards must be purchased directly from the developing organization.
You should refer to the current UST regulations to determine if a code of practice is required to be followed in order to meet regulatory requirements. For convenience, the industry codes and standards are arranged by US EPA OIL TANK SUBJECT AREA - [US EPA web page, 2023]
2008 UMC / ICC Chapter 13 on OIL TANK & PIPING CODE [PDF] example as adopted in the New York City Mechanical Code, retrieved 2015/11/26, original source: http://www2.iccsafe.org/states/newyorkcity/ Mechanical/PDFs/Chapter%2013_Fuel-Oil%20Piping%20and%20Storage.pdf
API Recommended Practice 1631, "Interior Lining of Underground Storage Tanks"
ASTM G 158, "Standard Guide for Three Methods of Assessing Buried Steel Tanks"
ASTM E 1990, "Standard Guide for Performing Evaluations of Underground Storage Tank Systems for Operational Conformance with 40 CFR, Part 280 Regulations"
Laughlin, Tim, "Above-Ground Petroleum Storage Tank Manual & NC Fire Codes With data on NC Gasoline Vapor Recovery & EPA Spill Plan Information" [PDF], The North Carolina Petroleum Marketers Association 7300 Glenwood Avenue Raleigh, North Carolina 27612 919-782-4411 Web site: www.ncpma.org Tim Laughlin, PE Technical Director (2004)
KWA "Recommended Practice for Inspecting Buried Lined Steel Tanks Using a Video Camera"
NACE Standard RP 0178, "Recommended Practice: Design, Fabrication, and Surface Finish of Metal Tanks and Vessels to be Lined for Chemical Immersion Service"
NACE Standard RP-0184, "Recommended Practice: Repair of Lining Systems"
NACE Standard RP0288, "Standard Recommended Practice: Inspection of Linings on Steel and Concrete"
NFPA 31, OIL STORAGE TANK INSTALLATION & PIPING [PDF] example as adopted by Warren County, VA, retrieved 2015/11/26, original source: http://www.warrencountyva.net/phocadownload/CountyForms/ BI_Dept/NFPA31%20Feul%20Oil%20Piping%20Installation%20and%20%20Testing.pdf
Available from the NFPA website https://catalog.nfpa.org/, here are excerpts from the 2016 NFPA 31 Oil Tank standard:
Guard against fires in heating equipment with NFPA 31: Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment.
Updated in the 2016 Edition to reflect the latest developments in fuels and appliances, NFPA 31 is the benchmark for the correct installation of boilers, air heaters, and other liquid fuel-burning equipment, and their fuel supplies. Designers, contractors, and installers rely on this Standard for guidance that protects property and building occupants by ensuring a fire-safe installation.
Authorities Having Jurisdiction (AHJs) and insurance underwriters depend on NFPA 31 requirements to verify the safety of installations in industrial, commercial, and residential occupancies.
The Standard covers all liquid fuels that are approved for use in oil-burning appliances.
In addition to addressing heating appliances that use No. 2 fuel oil and other petroleum-based oils, the Standard includes requirements for appliances that use other acceptable fuels -- including biodiesel blends, biofuels, and recycled lubrication oil.
Comprehensive chapters present requirements for the installation and operation of appliances, air for combustion and ventilation, venting of combustion gases, and storage tanks and piping systems for liquid fuels.
NFPA 326, "Standard for the Safeguarding of Tanks and Containers for Entry, Cleaning, or Repair"
NLPA Standard 631, "Entry, Cleaning, Interior Inspection, Repair, and Lining of Underground Storage Tanks"
NORA OIL STORAGE TANK & PIPING INSPECTION PROCEDURES, [PDF] NORA, National Oil Heat Research Alliance, 600 Cameron Street,
Alexandria, VA 22314 USA, Tel: 703-340-1660 Website: https://noraweb.org/ retrieved 2018/09/02, original source: https://noraweb.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/NORA-Silver-Chapter-3.pdf
Pennsylvania, STORAGE TANK THIRD-PARTY INSPECTION FREQUENCIES [PDF] Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, retrieved 2019/10/10 original source: http://files.dep.state.pa.us/EnvironmentalCleanupBrownfields/StorageTanks/StorageTanksPortalFiles/UndergroundST/Inspection%20Frequency%20Summary.pdf
This oil tank is Listed under UL Standard SU2258 and meets the requirements of NFPA 31 and CSA B-139 retrieved 2018/09/02, original source: http://www.roth-usa.com/PDF_Download_Files/DWT%20Installation%20Manual%202014.pdf
(i) Any sumps (including dispenser sumps) or manways installed prior to January
1, 2009, which are utilized as an integral part of a UST release detection system to
monitor the interstitial space of a secondarily contained piping system, and any spill
containment equipment installed at any time, which are associated with a UST system
must be inspected at least once every 60 days to assure that their sides, bottoms, and
any penetration points are maintained liquid tight. A
Any liquid or debris found in them
during that inspection or an agency or agency-authorized inspection must be removed
within 96 hours of discovery and properly disposed. This requirement applies through
December 31, 2020, after which the requirements in §334.48(h) of this title (relating to
General Operating and Management Requirements), shall apply.
US Army, PETROLEUM STORAGE TANKS (PSTs) MANAGEMENT PLAN [PDF] U.S. Army, retrieved 2019/10/10 original source: https://home.army.mil/gordon/application/files/1415/5544/5317/Storage_Tank_Management_Plan.pdf
UMC OIL TANK & PIPING CODE [PDF] (2008) example as adopted in the New York City Mechanical Code, retrieved 2015/11/26, original source: http://www2.iccsafe.org/states/newyorkcity/ Mechanical/PDFs/Chapter%2013_Fuel-Oil%20Piping%20and%20Storage.pdf
API Recommended Practice 1604, "Closure of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks"
Oil Storage Tank Corrective Action
API Publication 1628, "A Guide to the Assessment and Remediation of Underground Petroleum Releases"
API Publication 1629, "Guide for Assessing and Remediating Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soils"
ASTM E 1599, "Standard Guide for Corrective Action for Petroleum Releases"
ASTM E 1739, "Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied at Petroleum Release Sites"
ASTM E 1912, "Standard Guide for Accelerated Site Characterization for Confirmed or Suspected Petroleum Releases"
ASTM E 1943, "Standard Guide for Remediation of Ground Water by Natural Attenuation at Petroleum Release Sites"
NFPA 329, "Recommended Practice for Handling Releases of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases"
Oil Storage Tank Corrosion Protection Standards
Geyer, Wayne B., Jim Wisuri (Eds.), HANDBOOK of STORAGE TANK SYSTEMS Codes, Regulations and Designs [PDF] (2000) Marcel Dekker, Inc., Marcel Dekker, Inc.
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 USA Tel: 212-696-9000; fax: 212-685-4540 & Marcel Dekker AG,
Hutgasse 4, Postfach 812, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland Tel: 41-61-261-8482; fax: 41-61-261-8896
Excerpt: The storage of hazardous liquids has never been more reliable. This assertion reflects the tremendous
progress over the last two decades in developing tanks and appurtenances (in response to regulations
and standards) that incorporate the best thinking that leads to safe, long-term performance.
However,
that does not mean there will never be another release from an underground or aboveground storage
tank system.
New products and services will continue to surface as the industry defines even higher
standards of performance.
The Handbook of Storage Tank Systems reflects the invaluable contributions of experts in
standards, manufacturing, installation, and specification of storage tank systems. Each author deserves
our thanks for shedding light on the best equipment and methods for storing or handling petroleum or
chemicals.
API Recommended Practice 1632, "Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks and Piping Systems"
NACE RP 0169, "Standard Recommended Practice: Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems"
NACE RP 0285 "Standard Recommended Practice: Corrosion Control of Underground Storage Tank Systems by Cathodic Protection"
NACE Test Method TM 0101, "Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Tank Systems"
NACE Test Method TM 0497, "Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems"
STI R892, "Recommended Practice for Corrosion Protection of Underground Piping Networks Associated with Liquid Storage and Dispensing Systems"
STI-R-972, "Recommended Practice for the Installation of Supplemental Anodes for STI-P3 USTs"
UL 1746, Standard for Safety: "External Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Storage Tanks"
Oil Storage Tank General UST Topics
API Recommended Practice 2003, "Protection Against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents"
API Publication 2005, "Service Station Safety"
API Standard 2610, "Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Terminal & Tank Facilities"
API Recommended Practice 1621, "Bulk Liquid Stock Control at Retail Outlets"
API Recommended Practice 1626, "Storing and Handling Ethanol and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends at Distribution Terminals and Service Stations"
API Recommended Practice 1627, "Storage and Handling of Gasoline-Methanol/Cosolvent Blends at Distribution Terminals and Service Stations"
NACE Standard RP 0177 Recommended Practice: "Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic Structures and Corrosion Control Systems'
NFPA 30, "Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code"
NFPA 30A, "Automotive and Marine Service Station Code"
PEI RP900 Recommended Practices for the Inspection and Maintenance of UST Systems
Oil Storage Tank Filling Practices
API Recommended Practice 1007, "Loading and Unloading of MC306/DOT 406 Cargo Tank Motor Vehicles"
NFPA 385 "Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids"
Oil Storage Tank Installation
API Recommended Practice 1615, "Installation of Underground Petroleum Storage Systems"
PEI RP100, "Recommended Practices for Installation of Underground Liquid Storage Systems"
Oil Storage Tank Release Detection
ASTM E 1430, "Standard Guide for Using Release Detection Devices with Underground Storage Tanks"
ASTM E 1526, "Standard Practice for Evaluating the Performance of Release Detection Systems for Underground Storage Tank Systems"
Oil Storage Tanks and Piping
FPTPI Recommended Practice T-95-02, "Remanufacturing of Fiberglass Reinforced Underground Storage Tanks"
STI-R922, "Specification for Permatank"
STI-P3, "STI-P3 Specification and Manual for External Corrosion Protection of Underground Steel Storage Tanks"
STI-F894, "ACT-100 Specification for External Corrosion Protection of FRP Composite Steel Underground Storage Tanks"
STI-F961, "ACT-100-U Specification for External Corrosion Protection of Composite Steel Underground Storage Tanks"
UL 58, Standard for Safety: "Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids"
UL 971, Standard for Safety: "Non-Metallic Underground Piping for Flammable Liquids"
UL 1316, Standard for Safety: "Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Underground Storage Tanks for Petroleum Products"
Oil Storage Tank Code/Standard Developing Organizations
API Recommended Practice 1007Loading and Unloading of MC306/DOT 406 Cargo Tank Motor Vehicles
API Recommended Practice 1604 Closure of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks
API Recommended Practice 1615 Installation of Underground Petroleum Storage Systems
API Recommended Practice 1621 Bulk Liquid Stock Control at Retail Outlets
API Recommended Practice 1626 Storing and Handling Ethanol and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends at Distribution Terminals and Service Stations
API Recommended Practice 1627 Storage and Handling of Gasoline-Methanol/Cosolvent Blends at Distribution Terminals and Service Stations
API Publication 1628 A Guide to the Assessment and Remediation of Underground Petroleum Releases
API Publication 1629 Guide for Assessing and Remediating Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soils
API Recommended Practice 1631 Interior Lining of Underground Storage Tanks
API Recommended Practice 1632 Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks and Piping Systems
API Recommended Practice 1635 Management of Underground Petroleum Storage Systems at Marketing and Distribution Facilities [final edition, now out of print]
API Recommended Practice 2003 Protection Against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents
API Publication 2005 Service Station Safety
API Standard 2610 Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Terminal & Tank Facilities
ASTM E 1430 Standard Guide for Using Release Detection Devices with Underground Storage Tanks
ASTM E 1526 Standard Practice for Evaluating the Performance of Release Detection Systems for Underground Storage Tank Systems
ASTM E 1599 Standard Guide for Corrective Action for Petroleum Releases
ASTM E 1739 Standard Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied at Petroleum Release Sites
ASTM E 1912 Standard Guide for Accelerated Site Characterization for Confirmed or Suspected Petroleum Releases
ASTM E 1943 Standard Guide for Remediation of Ground Water by Natural Attenuation at Petroleum Release Sites
ASTM E 1990 Standard Guide for Performing Evaluations of Underground Storage Tank Systems for Operational Conformance with 40 CFR, Part 280 Regulations
NACE Standard RP 0169 Recommended Practice: Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems
NACE Standard RP 0177 Recommended Practice: Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic Structures and Corrosion Control Systems
NACE Standard RP 0178 Recommended Practice: Design, Fabrication, and Surface Finish of Metal Tanks and Vessels to be Lined for Chemical Immersion Service
NACE Standard RP-0184 Recommended Practice: Repair of Lining Systems
NACE Standard RP 0285 Recommended Practice: Corrosion Control of Underground Storage Tank Systems by Cathodic Protection
NACE Standard RP0288 Recommended Practice: Inspection of Linings on Steel and Concrete
NACE Test Method TM 0101, "Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Tank Systems"
NACE Test Method TM 0497 Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems
NFPA 30A Automotive and Marine Service Station Code - NFPA 30A (2015) is now called "Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages". Chapter 11 covers "Marine Fueling."
NFPA 31 Standard For The Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment, includes numerous requirements for installation, connection and removal of fuel-oil tanks.
NFPA 326 Standard for the Safeguarding of Tanks and Containers for Entry, Cleaning, or Repair
NFPA 329 Recommended Practice for Handling Releases of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Gases
NFPA 385 Standard for Tank Vehicles for Flammable and Combustible Liquids
Thanks to NHFireBear, a frequent InspectApedia contributor, for updates to these standards. 5/11/2015 - Ed.
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In addition to any citations in the article above, a full list is available on request.
U.S. EPA original source page: http://www.epa.gov/oust/cmplastc/standard.htm
Thanks to Denise Adjutant, DOIT Web Support Division 271-8173, for New Hampshire oil tank regulations link update 6/22/09 Denise.Adjutant@doit.nh.gov
Canadian oil tank regulations sources include the individual provincial government websites and the Canadian Technical Standards and Safety Authority,
14th Floor, Centre Tower,
3300 Bloor Street West,
Toronto, Ontario
M8X 2X4 - http://www.tssa.org/ Contact the Canadian TSSA toll free at 1-877-682-TSSA (8772) or 416-734-3300 for the Toronto area. The Technical Standards and Safety Authority (TSSA) is an independent, not-for-profit organization responsible for the delivery of a range of safety services. This includes the administration of Ontario’s Technical Standards & Safety Act, 2000 within various industry sectors and the delivery of safety programs to the public.
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Carson, Dunlop & Associates Ltd., 120 Carlton Street Suite 407, Toronto ON M5A 4K2. Tel: (416) 964-9415 1-800-268-7070 Email: info@carsondunlop.com. Alan Carson is a past president of ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors.
Carson Dunlop Associates provides extensive home inspection education and report writing material. In gratitude we provide links to tsome Carson Dunlop Associates products and services.