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Photograph of moldy pantry shelf. Insect Damage Prevention Strategies

Nine Approaches to Prevention of Wood Destroying Insect Damage

Strategies for prevention of rot, mold, or insect damage in buildings:

What methods will help prevent damage from wood destroying insects in a building? What structural, design, or chemical options are there to prevent insect damage?

Preventing damage by wood destroying insects (termites, carpenter ants, powder post beetles) by good design and by building maintenance is preferred to simple chemical applications around a property.

Page top photo: those rectangular cracks in wood are a sign of rot, not insect damage, but we often find both insect damage and rot together.

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Nine Approaches to Prevention of Wood Destroying Insect Damage

siding touching ground is a risk for water entry and insect damage (C) InspectApedia.com DJF
  1. Architectural design

    to resist wood destroying insect attack: the best wood destroying insect resistant-building design is to keep wood and other insect-friendly materials at least 8" above ground (some areas permit 6"), provide no protected path for insect entry into the structure (such as behind solid insulation boards)

    See SIDING CLEARANCE TO GROUND
  2. Building maintenance:

    keep surface water and roof spillage away from the building perimeter. Do not pile up leaves, organic debris, wood piles, or mulch against building walls. Hire a professional to inspect the building, especially at high-risk points.
  3. Termite bait traps:

    BAIT TRAPS for TERMITE CONTROL
    - explains how termite bait traps are used to detect termites near a building; this method avoids use of chemical barriers but requires very reliable, regular inspection as the theory is based on detection (and changing the bait to a poison at that time) rather than prevention of insect attack.
  4. Chemical barrier:

    that resists insect attack: is applied around and under the building. Chemical barriers for termites and other wood destroying insects used to work very well, but modern chemicals may be less effective/less durable over time due to changes in pesticides to make these chemicals less of an an environmental hazard.

    See PESTICIDE EXPOSURE HAZARDS
    and
    see TERMITE SHIELDS vs TERMITICIDE.
  5. Foam foundation insulation:

    INSECTS & FOAM INSULATION - discusses the problem of insects attacking a building through foam foundation insulation
  6. Treated lumber:

    PRESERVATIVE TREATED LUMBER - describes using lumber treated to increase its insect resistance.

    Also
    see ROT-RESISTANT Deck Lumber & Flooring

    and for exterior decks and porches

    see SYNTHETIC DECK BOARDS, COMPOSITE PLASTIC VINYL.

  7. Termite shields:

    TERMITE SHIELD Installation describes how and where metallic shields are installed to make it more difficult for insects to enter wood framing from the ground or through the building foundation.

    While a termite shield does not absolutely prevent attack by termites nor other wood-destroying insects from the ground, the shield can force termites to build mud tubes around a visible flange making the attack easier to detect.

    A termite shield is simply a metal shield is set atop all wood sills, extending an inch or more past the building interior and exterior wall surfaces, bent on an angle downwards to shed water, with exact details specified by a pest control officer and installed during construction.

    A termite shield may be effective but remains a risky approach to bug-proofing if the shield is not inspected and if not kept visually accessible on both inside and outside of the buildings for periodic check - a termite mud tube might bypass a metal shield.
  8. Water & moisture control:

    It is no surprise that quite often we find that the primary point of attack by carpenter ants or termites on a wood structure is where there is or was a leak that wet wood members.

    Even in the case of powder post beetles, where leaks may not be immediately present, a history of high indoor or basement or crawl space moisture levels increase the risk of that attack.

    By keeping water away from the building foundation, fixing leaks that send water through the structure, and by keeping indoor humidity at appropriate levels we can reduce the attractiveness of wood and structural members to wood destroying insects, particularly carpenter ants and termites.

    Start by a complete and competent inspection of the building to identify existing leaks or moisture problems as well as construction details that invite a leak or moisture issue.

    See WATER BARRIERS, EXTERIOR BUILDING

    and
    see WATER ENTRY in BUILDINGS for our complete list of building moisture & water entry diagnosis & control articles.

 

 




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Reader Comments, Questions & Answers About The Article Above

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On 2022-01-05 by Marc - inspector says we have old house beetles - does this photo show them?

Just had old house inspected and the guy says we have old house beetles, there is no moisture in the crawl space, the wood is extremely dry , when you peel back a piece you get powered wood, here are some pictures. I do not see that we have an active infestation of anything. What do you all think.

Sap or similar marks on wood are not insect damage (C) Inspectapedia.com Mark

On 2022-01-06 by Inspectapedia Com Moderator (mod)

@Marc,

I clicked to see the enlarged high-res copy of your photo: all I can see are what look like sap marks.

That is not old house borers nor powder post beetle activity on the upper and lower wood members. But there may be old old house borer or powder post beetle activity in the center of your photo - I need to see more.

Activity is usually apparent as very tiny round holes like those light spots on the darker brown wood in the center of your photo, and when the borers or beetles are acvtive, you'll see, around the holes and often below them, some light colored, very fine wood dust or frass.

See details

at POWDER POST BEETLES

 



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