Construction Dictionary 8 - Doors & Windows Terminology

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SECTION 08100
ACTIVE LEAF: That leaf or both leaves of
pair of doors for which the locking or
latching mechanism or Other operating
hardware are intended.
( SDI)
ADJUSTABLE BASE ANCHOR: A device used to
hold frames above finished floor (some—
times used with Terrazzo base) .
(SDI)
ADJUSTABLE FRAME: Frame with section in
two pieces that will adjust to accommo—
date several th icknesses. Also known
(SDI)
as expandable frame.
ANCHOR: A device for attaching fratne to
the surrounding structure. (Sbl)
Surface—mounted stop at—
APPLIED STOP :
tached to a cased opening frame. (SDI)
ASTRAGAL (OVERLAPPING OR WRAP-AROUND) :
A vertical moulding attached to the
meeting edge of one leaf of a pair of
doors for protection against weather
conditions, to minimize the passage
of light between the doors and to re—
tard the passage of smoke, flame or
(SDI)
gases during a fire.
ASTRAGAL (SPLIT): A pair of vertical
mouldings attached to both leaves Of a
pair of doors at the meeting edges for
protection against conditions .
Can be used when both leaves are active.
(SDI)
BACKBEND: Return leg section at back of
(SDI)
frame .
BACKBEND RETURN: Turned in edge of back-
(SDI)
bend .
BASE ANCHOR (CLIP): Metal piece attached
to
base of frame to secure frame to the floor ,
(SDI)
either fixed or adjustable.
BASE ANCHOR EXTENSION: Metal angle attached
to the base of frame with horizontal
leg extending beyond the frame backbend .
Used to facilitate the use of poær tools
in attachrnent of frame to floor.
BEVELED EDGE: The edge of a door
not at a 90 degree angle to the
the door (standard bevel is 1/8
2 inches). Narrow side of door
contact with stop of frame when
(SDI)
closed.
BEVELED SQUARE EDGE: The edge of
(SDI)
which is
face of
inch in
is side in
door is
a door
which is at a 90 degree angle to the face
across portion required for lock mr—
tising. The corners are beveled for
clearance in swinging .
(SDI )
BLANK JAMB: Vertical member of frame without
hardware preparation. Used when doors are
furnished with push and pull hardware or
surface—mounted strikes and single or
double—acting floor hinges .
(SDI)
08100
FETAL DOORS AND FRAMES
Plate instaliled in
BLANK STRIKE FILLER PLATE:
mortised strike cutout when mortised strike
is not required. (SDI)
BIANK HINGE FILLER PLATE: Plate installed in
morti sed hinge
hinge cutout when
(SDI)
is not required.
Four—sided frame prepared for
BORROWED LITE:
glass installation in field.
(SDI)
BOTTOM mlL: Horizontal rail at the bottom of
door connecting lock stile with the hinge
(SDI)
stile.
BUCK: An archaic term for a regular frame.
(SDI)
(SDI)
BULL NOSE EDGE: Radius edge.
BULL NOSE TRIM: The face and jamb width joined
by a radius rather than a 90—degree break .
(SDI)
BUTTED FRAME: Frame which fits against wall
Frame depth
structure rather than around it.
is normally equal to or less than the wall
(SDI)
thi ckne ss.
CABINET JAMB: Frame in three or mre pieces
applied as the finished frame over rough
(SDI)
buck.
CASED OPENING: Frame section without stops.
(SDI)
CEILING STRUT: Adj us table vertical member that
extends from head of frame to ceiling to hold
(SDI)
frame rigidly in place.
CENTER PANEL: Portion of door between hinge
and lock stile.
(SDI)
CENTER mlL: Horizontal rail in door usually
located at lock height used to separate
upper and lower panels of recessed panel type
(SDI)
door.
CLOSER REINFORCING: Reinforcing in frame to
provide additional strength for the attach—
ment of door closer .
(SDI)
Double rabbeted frame
COMMUNICATING FRAME:
with both rabbets prepared for single—swing
doors. Doors swing in opposite directions.
Both doors may be of the same hand or may
(SDI)
be of the opposite hand.
COMPOSITE METAL FACE CONSTRUCTION: A door
consisting of a solid core bonded to a
metal facing.
(SDI)
CORE: Internal construction in a metal door.
(SDI)
CORNER REINFORCEBIENT (GUSSET) :
Reinforcing at
junction of head and jamb used in interlock—
ing of knock—dowrx (K.D.) or welded frames.
(SDI)

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SECTION 08100
POST: Vertical
corner connection of
(SDI)
COVEMOLD FRAME: Frame
(exposed) simulating
(SDI)
closed section used at
two or three frames
having contour faces
contour of wood frame .
(SDI)
See Terminated Stop.
CUTOFF STOP :
CUT—OUT : A preparation for hardware and ac—
(SDI)
cessor {e s.
DOUBLE BEVELED EDGE: Edge of door beveled
from center toward each face of door. (SDI)
DRYWALL Frame designed to be installed
on a wall composed of steel or wood studs
with gypsum board or other facing mater ial not
requiring wet plaster or 11B sonry finishing.
It is installed after the wall is erected.
(SDI)
DUTCH DOOR: A door having two separate leaves,
hung one over the other, usually equipped
so that both leaves can be operated indepen—
dent 1 y. Lower leaf frequently has a service
(SDI)
shelf.
Piece used to provide flush condition
END CAP :
for doors with recessed top and bottom. (SDI)
Hori zon tal stif fener
END CHANNEL (CLOSURE) :
channel welded into top and bottom Of doors
for strength and r igidity. (SDI)
FILLER PLATE: A blank plate used to fill mor-
(SDI)
tised cutouts.
FIXED TRANSOM: panel or glass lite above door
(SDI)
opening which is inoperable.
FLOOR CLEARANCE : Clearance between bottom of
(SDI)
door and finished floor.
FRAME CLEARANCE: Space between door and stop of
frame . Normally designed to accommodate rub—
(SDI)
ber silencer .
Strips (felt, sponge rubber, etc. )
GASKET:
(SDI)
attached to stops.
GLAZING BEAD : Removable trim at a glazed open—
(SDI)
ing to hold glass securely in place.
GRILLE: An inserted unit ltEde up of a series
of fins to allow the passage of air through a
Generally used for air conditioning
door.
(SDI)
purposes.
GROUTED FRAMES: Frame completely filled with ce-
ment or plaster used in construction. (SDI)
HEADER: Horizontal frame member at top of open—
Somet i mes
ing or top member of transom frame
(SDI )
referred to as head bar .
HEAD STIFFENER: A heavy gauge angle or channel
section placed inside of, and attached to, the
head of a wide door frame to maintain its align—
men t, not to be used as a load —carrying member.
(SDI)
08100
METAL DOORS AND FRAMES
HINGE FILLER: Small removable trim part
located between hinge leaf and hinge re—
Its position can be re—
in forcements.
versed to acconunodate change of door
(SDI)
handing.
HINGE REINFORCEMENT: Plate or channel to
which hinge is attached. Used to provide
additional strength at preparation for
(SDI)
hinge application to the door .
HOSPITAL FRAME: A frame with terminated
(SDI)
stops.
INDUSTRIAL TUBULAR DOOR: A type of door
constructed from tubular steel with
locked seams. Corners shall be of we Idea
construction with all points ground
smooth. Panels shall consist of one or
two sheets securely fastened to stiles
(SDI)
and rails.
INSERTED GRILLE: Grille that is fabricated
separ ately and inserted into a prepara—
(SDI)
tion in the door.
INSERTED LOUVER; Louver that is fabricated
separately and inserted into a prepara—
(SDI)
tion in the door.
JAMB: A vertical member of the frame assem—
(SDI)
bly.
JAMB DEPTH : Overall width of frame
(Face to face dimension) .
tion.
KEYED-IN-FUME: Frame erected with
ter or mortar forced behind frame
bend. Wall thickness is equal to
greater than frame throat, but no
than frame depth. (SDI )
sec—
(SDI)
plas—
back—
or
wid er
KEY SIDE: Reference point used to deter—
mine outside of interior door.
Some—
(SDI)
times required for handing.
KNOCKED DOWN (KD) FRAME: Door frame fur-
ni shed by manufacturer in three or more
basic parts for assembly in the field.
(SDI)
LABELED DOORS : Door that conforms to
applicable requirements and procedures
of govern ing labeling authority and
bears their identif ication label . (SDI)
LABELED FRAME: Frame that conforms to
applicable requirements and procedures
of governing labeling authority and
bears their identification label. (SDI )
LEADING EDGE; That vertical edge of a
swing door which is opposite the hinge
edge; same as Lock Edge or Str ike
(SDI)
Edge .
LEAD LINED FRAME; Frame internally
covered with lead sheet to prevent
(SDI)
radiation penetration.

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SECTION 08100
MULLION: vertical member set in a double
door opening which will allow both door
leaves to be active. May be f ixed or
removable. A mullion may also occur be—
tween a door and a sidelite or a sep—
arate frarned glazed area. (SDI)
MUNTIN : Formed member used to subdivide
(SDI)
glass area in door.
(SDI)
see Rubber Silencer .
MUTE :
PIASTER GUARD: The shield attached behind
hinge and strike reinforcement to prevent
mortar or plaster from entering mounting
(SDI)
hole s.
POCKET DOOR: A door is prepared to
slide into a pocket built in the wall.
(SDI)
POCKET DOOR FRAME; Frame designed to allow
door to slide inside pocket in wall. (SDI)
RABBET: The recess or offset formed in the
(SDI)
frame to receive door.
RUBBER SILENCER: A part attached to the
stop on a frame to cushion the closing
(SDI)
of a door.
See Terminated Stop. (SDI)
SANITARY STOP :
SIDELITE : Sarte as borrowed I ite except that
(SDI)
it is attached to door frame
SMOKE BARRIER (SCREEN) A door frame com-
bineä with sidelites on either or , both
sides of door openings, including tran—
som openings when and if required. (SDI)
SPACER: Rigid plastic member added to re—
turns Of drywall frame to provide addi—
tional wall thickness flexibility. (SDI)
Protective covering (usually stain—
SPAT :
less steel) used at bottom of frames to
prevent or minimize damage in this area
(SDI)
Internal reinforcing used to
STIFFENER :
(SDI)
strengthen door panels.
STILE & RAIL: Door using mitered stiles
and rail with corner joints welded and
ground smooth. Panel interlocks with
stiles and rails and is provided with
Panel may be flush
core or stiffeners.
with (flush panel door) or recessed (re—
cessed panel door) fran faces of stiles and
(SDI)
rails.
STRIKE REINFORCING: Plate or tab to which
strike is attached. Used to provide addi—
tional strength at preparation for strike
(SDI)
in inactive leaf door .
TEMPERATURE RISE DOOR: Door that has a rat-
ing determined by the amount of heat pass—
ing through the door for the first 30
(SDI)
minutes of a fire test.
08100
METAL DOORS AND FRAMES
TEu1NATED STOP: A stop which terminatqs
above floor line and is closed with a 45 or
(SDI)
90 degree angle.
WEATFERSTRIPPING: A seal used around the door
opening for protection against weather or
(SDI)
for soundproofing.
Door frame assembled by spot
VELDED FRAMES.
(SDI)
or arc welding.
ELDED—ON HINGE: Hinge which has one leaf
welded to inside of jamb or hinge rabbet.
(SDI )

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SECTION 08360
part that
. ADJUSTING CONE (WINDING SLEEVE) :
fits into torsion spring permitting wind—
(NAGDM)
ing and tension adj ustment.
BRACKET MOUNTED: Method of fastening ver-
tical track to jamb using angle brackets.
(NAGDM)
CABLE CLAMPS: A manufactured device used to
secure two pieces of cable to each other .
Size of clamp is determined by the cable
(NAGDM)
diameter.
CABLE DRUMS: Grooved drums f itted on tor—
sion spr ing shaft onto which lifting cable
(NAGDM)
is wund when door is opened.
CENTER CABLE: Additional cable which is se-
cured to outside of door at points toward
the center of the door. Used to provide
extra lifting support for extremely wide
(NAGDM)
or heavy doors.
CHAIN HOIST: Refers to sprocket or pocket
wheel attached to shaft with chain opera—
t ion giving varying mechanical advantage
in ratios of from 2 to 1, 3 to I or 4 to
(NAGDM)
1, etc.
COUNTERWEIGHT: Refers to design of door
mechanism using æights instead of springs
to counterbalance door we ight. (NAGDM)
DOUBLE TRACK LOW HEADROOM: Addition of a
second pair of horizontal tracks to re—
duce the high point of travel Of top sec—
t ion and permit door being mounted in
area with minimum headroom facilities.
(NAGDM)
ELECTRIC OPERATOR: A device to control the
opening and closing of a door which is
(NAGDM)
electrically powered.
provide power or tension
EXTENSION SPRINGS:
by stretching or pulling, mounted along
the hor i zontal section of track extending
(NAGDM)
from front Of door open ing.
FERRULES : A metal ring or cap which affixed
to a cable by compressing so as to form a
bottom or loop on the end of the cable.
(NAGDM)
HI—LIFT: Refers to hardware that causes the
door to rise vertically some distance be—
fore it levels out into a horizontal posi—
tion, Doors are thus able to be up and
clear of greasing lifts, crane tracks, etc.
"Hi—Lift" is the distance from header to
Some t ime s
underside of horizontal tracks.
(NAGDM)
referred to as Lift Clearance.
HORIZONTAL TRACK ASSEMBLY: An assembly usu-
ally rtzde up of a piece of track rein—
forced with a piece of angle which is used
to both guide and support the door in the
horizontal position .
(NAGDM)
INCLINED TUCK: A horizontal track that fol-
lows the slope or slant of a building roof
(NAGDM)
line .
-1
08360
OVERHEAD DOORS
JACKSHAFT TYPE OPERATOR: Mounted vertigally
on wall or ceiling with direct drive pro—
vided to torsion shaft. Appl icable to
only torsion spring mechanisms on high
(NAGDM)
lift or vertical lift door .
LOW LIFT HARDWARE; Often referred to as low
headroom hardware, as differentiated from
vertical or high lift. LOW headroom acces—
sories enable one to meet minimum headroom
(NAGDM)
requirements .
OPERATOR: A device used to control the up
and down motion of a door. (NAGDM)
Refers to bottom corner
OUTSIDE HOOK UP:
bracket that has an arm which goes around
the vertical track. Used on double track
low headroom or other special applications .
(NAGDM)
POCKET WHEEL: A wheel or drum machined in a
way to receive the individual links of a
straight link chain. Used to transmit
(NAGDM)
direct power.
ROLLER ASSEMBLY: The combination of a wheel
and axle which is used to guide a door
through the track system. (NAGDM)
Sectional
SECTIONS--STILES--RAILS--PANELS:
garage doors are made up of sections that are
the full width Of the opening and joined to—
gether by hinges. Rails are the horizontal
Stiles are the verti—
members of a section.
cal members of a section. Panels are that
part of a section between the stiles.
can
be made of a number of materials. (NAGDM)
SHAFT BEARINGS: A free rolling, cylindrical
ball bearing which is used to guide the
torsion shaft, maintain alignment and re—
(NAGDM)
duce friction.
SHEAVES : A pulley with a ball bear ing built
into it which is designed to handle a cable
and used to control the movement of the
cables employed in door counter balance
sys tern. (NAGDM)
SIDE BEARING PLATE: A bracket that attaches
to the horizontal supports and possibly the
wall to prov ide a bearing surface for the
(NAGDM)
tor sion shaft near the ends.
SPRING ANCHOR PLATE: A plate or bracket which
houses a shaft bearing and is used to align
the torsion shaft as well as anchor one end
of the torsion spring to the header. (NAGDM)
SPRING FITTINGS: The sleeves or cones which
are used to adapt the torsion springs to
the torsion shaft. One piece is a Station—
ary Sleeve or Spring Retainer while the
secofid piece is an Adjusting Cone or
(NAGDM)
Winding Sleeve.
STATIONARY SLEEVES (SPRING RETAINERS) ;
Part
that fits into the end of a torsion spring
permitting the spring to be anchored to the
(NAGDM)
Spr ing Anchor Plate.

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OVERHEAD DOORS
SECTION 08360
TAPE8ED VERTICAL TRACK: Refers to the graduated
spacing of the vertical track away from
jarnb permitting wather—tight closing of door
(NAGDM)
against jamb.
TORSION SHAFT : A shaft of either tubular or
solid design which is used to transmit the
force from the torsion spring to the door.
(NAGDM)
Provides power to balance door
TORSION SPRINGS :
weight by rotating a spring—shaft which has
cables attached to it and the corner brackets.
(NAGDM)
Channel shaped metal bars or rails in
TRACKS :
which sectional door rollers are guided.
(NAGDM)
TRAJECTORY: The arc of travel or sweep of the
top section as the door is raised from closed
(NAGDM)
to open position.
VERTICAL LIFT: Refers to a hardware design
that causes doors to open vertical Iy, no hori—
zontal tracks required. This hards.nre is nor—
mally operated with spring counterbalance but
also possibly with weight counterbalance .
(NAGDM)
VERTICAL TRACK ASSEMBLY: An assembly trade up of
a piece of vertical track and a piece of con—
tinuous angle or jarrb brackets which is used
to secure the track to the j amb. (NACDM)
WIND LOAD: The amount of force or its equiva—
lent that the wind exerts upon a door as it
(NAGDM)
stands in an opening .
part that fits
WINDING SLEEVE (ADJUSTING CONE) :
into torsion spring permitting winding and
(NAGDM)
tension adjustment.
08360

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SECTION 08710
BOLT, DEAD: A metal lock component having
a square or rectangular end which pro—
trudes from, or is withdrawn into, the
lock front by action of the lock mecha—
nism. When the door is closed and the
dead bolt is thrown, it extends into a
hole provided in the strike, thus lock—
(BEMA)
ing the door.
BOLT, DEAD LOCKING IATCH: A spring-actua-
ted lock bolt with a beveled end and in—
corporating a plunger which, when de—
pressed, automatically locks the projected
latch bolt against return by end pres—
(BHMA)
sure.
BOLT, EXTENSION: A type of dead bolt
which projects laterally after entering
the strike and interlocks with the strike.
(BEMA)
BOLT, HOOK: A type of dead bolt which, af—
ter entering the strike expands and inter—
(BHMA)
locks with the strike.
BOLT, LATCH: A metal lock component having
a beveled end which projects from
lock front in its extended position, but
be forced back into the lock case by
end pressure or drawn back by action of
the lock mechanism. When the door is
closed, the latch bolt projects into a
hole provided in the strike, thus holding
the door in closed position. (BHMA)
BOLT, SPRING: A metal lock component
having a beveled end which projects from
lock front in its extended position,
but may be forced back into the lock case
by end pressure or drawn back by action
of the lock mechanism. When the door or
drawer is closed, the latch bolt projects
into a hole provided in the strike, thus
holding the door or drawer in closed po—
(BHMA)
si tion.
CASE: The housing of a lock. (BHPIA)
In this Standard, the proj ection
CYCLE :
and retraction of a bolt or the rotation
of a cam to the locked and unlocked posi—
(BHMA)
tion.
CYLINDER: The cylindrical subassembly of a
lock containing a cylinder plug, tumbler
mechanism and a keyway. (BHMA)
CYLINDER GUARD RING: A beveled, solid metal
ring surrounding the otherwise exposed por—
tion of a cylinder to protect cylinder from
wrenching, cutting, pulling or prying.
(BEMA)
CYLINDER, RECESSED: A cylinder where the
cylinder plug head is flush with, or re—
cessed below, the outside sur face Of the
trim escutcheon to protect cylinder from
wrenching, cutting, pulling, or prying.
(BHM.A)
08710
FINISH HARDWARE
LOCKS, CAM: Cam locks are installed in
drawer fronts and in cabinet doors through
a mounting hole from the outside and se—
cured from the inside with a nut, a spr ing
clip or by other means. Cams are rotated
by turning a key. Cams usually can be po—
sitioned at 3, 6, 9 or 12 0'clock positions
and can be rotated 900, 1800 or other rota—
t ions as specified in manufacturers' cata—
Cams may be straight or offset.
logs .
(BHMA)
LOCKS, CHEST: Chest locks are installed from
the inside of the door or frame of the cab—
inet, inserting the cylinder or barrel into
The
a bore or hole in the door or frame .
surface of the cylinder is flush or pro—
trudes slightly above the outer surface.
Surface mounted cases attach to the inner
surface of the door and half morti se locks
are partially mortised into the back. Cases
are usually attached to doors or frames
(BHMA )
with screws.
LOCKS, DOOR OR DRAWER: Drawer or cabinet door
locks are installed from inside of the
drawer or door, inserting the cylinder or
barrel into a bore or hole in the drawer
The surface of the cylinder
front or door.
is flush or slightly above the outer surface.
Surface mounted cases attach to the inner
surface of the drawer front or door and half
mortise lock cases are partially mortised
cases are usually attached
into the back .
(BEMA)
to drawers and doors with screws.
File cabinet locks are
LOCKS, FILE CABINET:
usually installed from the inside of the
cabinet located in the cabinet framework into
The surface of the cy linder
a bore or hole.
is flush with or slightly protrud ing from
the frame surface. Locks are secured within
the cabinet by attachment to the latch mech—
anism with a screw. (BHMA)
LOCK FRONT: A plate fastened to the edge of
a door through which the bolts pass.
(BHMA)
LOCKS, LEVER AND TEE HANDLE: Levers and tee
handles are installed in cabinet doors from
outside through a mounting hole and secured
from inside by a nut, a spring clip or by
screws. A cam on the inside is rotated by
turning the lever or tee handle except when
locked by a key from outside. cams can be
positioned at 3, 6, 9 or 12 0'clock posi—
tions, are rotated to stop at 900, 1800 or
other rotations and in clockwise rotation to
lock or counterclockwise rotation to lock as
specified in manufacturers' catalogs .
some
nEnufacturers provide for I, 2 or 3 point
locking with top rods, bottom rods and guides
usually furnished by cabinet manufacturers .
(BHMA)
LOCKS, LOCKER: Locker locks are surface-
mounted on the door interior with the cylinder
located in the mounting hole. The lock is
usually secured to the door by means of two
screws and nuts .
(BHMA)

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FINISH HARDWARE
C N 08710
LOCKS, SLIDING DOOR: Sliding door locks are in-
stalled in sliding cabinet doors (wod or
metal) through a mounting hole and secured from
Strikes,
the inside usually by means of screws.
either cup or interlocking design, are furnished
as required. Sliding glass door locks attach
by means of a ratchet or strap strike. (BHMA)
LOCK AND LATCH, DUAL: A mechanically inter-
connected locking mechanism having a separate
latch bolt or dead locking latch bolt and dead
bolt designed for installation in round bored
openings in the edge and face of a door stile.
(EHMA)
STRIKE: A plate fastened to the door frame into
(BHIv1A)
which the bolts project.
STRIKE BOX: A housing used in back of a strike.
(BHMA)
08710

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SECTION 08721
The mechanical de—
. ACTUATOR (or OPERATOR) :
(BHMA)
vice used to move a door (s) .
AIR LOCK: Air space between doors such as
in a vestibule where only one door or set
of doors can be opened at one time. (BHMA)
APPROACH BEAM: Photo—electric control beam
(BHMA)
used to actuate an automatic door .
APPROACH MAT: An actuating control
usually placed on the normal approach side
of a door causing the door to open when
(BHI•A)
activated.
ARM: A device connecting the door operator
to the door. May be concealed, semi—
concealed or surface applied. (BHW
AUTOMATIC DOOR: The combination of door ,
operator and con trols constituting the
system. (BHBA)
AUTOMATIC DOOR OPERATOR: A power-operated
mechanism which is attached to a sliding
or swinging or overhead door for the pur—
pose of mechanically opening and closing
a door upon the receipt of an actua ting
signal A door operating unit may be a
gear—driven transmission, pneumatic or
hydraulic cylinder mechanism and provide
the basic opening and closing forces for
(BHBåA)
swinging and/or sliding doors .
AUTOMATIC ENTRANCE PACKAGE: complete ene
trance way containing door (s) , frame,
controls and automatic operator, unglazed.
(BHI.IA)
BACK CHECK: The checking or slowing down
of the speed of opening before being fully
(BHMA)
open .
BALANCED DOOR: A door equipped with double—
pivoted hardware so designed as to cause
a semi—counterbalanced swing action when
(BEMA)
opening .
BI-PARTING DOORS: A pair of door leaves
sl iding away from each other to form a
(BHMA)
single conuaon door opening .
BOTTOM ARM (HARDWARE) : The arm mechanism
attached to the bottan rail of a door
and connecting to spindle Of a floor
closer, pivot or automatic door opera—
(BHMA)
tor .
BREAKAWAY DEVICE: A device against which a
door stops in its normally closed posi—
tion but permits emergency egress swing
of the door (opposite to norrtEI swing)
on "IN" doors were reguired by local
codes. May be automatically or manually
reset and incorporates a switch to de—
energize the operator in a panic
position.
(BHMA)
The action of a sliding or swing—
BREAK OUT:
ing door when it is operated in the emer—
gency mode. Swinging or sl iding doors
which serve as exit doors within a means
08721
AUTOMATIC DOOR POUIPMENT
of egress must be arranged so that the door
panel will swing in the direction of
(BEMA )
egress .
BREAK OUT OPENING: The clear space in a door-
way when a swinging or sliding door is
operated in the emergency mode. This open—
ing is not necessarily the same as the
clear opening in the doorway when the door
(BHMÄ)
is operated in the normal mode.
CLEAR OPENING: The clear space in a doorway
when the door is in the normal open posi—
tion.
( BHMA )
CLOSING CYCLE: Movement of a swinging or
sl iding door from the fully open position
(BEMA)
to dhe fully closed position.
CLOSING TIME: The element of time from the
starting of a door closing until it is at
( BEMA)
rest fully closed.
CONCEALED MOUNTING: Automatic door operators
which are mounted above or below the door
and power the door through the pivot are
(BEMA)
considered to be concealed mounted.
CONTROL: A unit containing electrical com—
ponents for automatic con trol of door opera—
(BHMA)
tion and overload protection.
CONTROL BAT : A device placed on the floor in
front of a doorway sensing the presence of
a person or object.
It is normally construct-
ed of a rubber—like mater ial with a slip—
resistant surface and is either recessed in—
(BEMA)
to or sur face—mounted on the floor .
CONTROL ACTUATING: A control mat which
(BHMA)
when activated causes a door to open.
CONTROL MAT, SAFETY: A control mat which when
activated prevents a door from opening or
(BHMA)
holds a door open.
COORDINATOR: A mechanism which controls the
order of closing of a pair of swing doors,
used with doors equipped with overlapping
astragals and certain panic hardware which
requires one door to close ahead of the
other .
(BHMA)
COVER PLATE : A finish plate used to cover the
exposed face of a floor closer not covered
by the threshold; also a plate used to cover
the exposed face of a closer or automatic
door operator mounted in the head of a door
frame.
(BHMA)
CROSS BAR: The cross bar of a panic exit de—
vice, serving as a push bar to actuate the
panic hardware .
(BHMA)
CYCLE: The action of an automatic door opera—
tor starting with actuation through opening
and full closing of (a) door (s) .
(BEMA)
DOOR Au: Device which is usually located in
the top or bottom rail Of a swinging automa—
tic door. The function of this device is to
provide suitable connection of the automa tic
door operator to the door.
(BHMA)

****** Result for Image/Page 9 ******
SECTION 08721
DOOR CLOSER: A nonpowered device or mechanism
to control the closing of a door; may be over—
head or floor mounted, and either exposed or
(BHMA)
concealed.
DOOR LIGHT: The glass area in a glazed door.
(BHMA)
DOUBLE EGRESS: A double door configuration in
which one leaf swings in and the swings
(BEMA)
out.
ELECTRIC LOCK; A locking device such as a dead—
lock which is extended and retracted by an
(BHIA)
electric impulse.
ELECTRIC SAFETY LOCK: A locking device similar
to an electric lock except with a poser fail—
ure, the bolt retracts automa tica11y. (BHMA)
ELECTRIC STRIKE: A strike used with a lock and
designed to be actuated by an electric remote
control to permit a door to be opened without
retracting the latch. (BHMA)
EMERGENCY RELEASE: A safety device other than
an exit device which permits egress under emer—
(BHMA)
gency conditions.
EXIT DEVICE: A door—locking mechanism designed
to be always operable from the interior by
pressure on a cross bar. (BH}A)
FINGER GUARD: A device applied at the hinge
stile of a door or to the hinge jamb adj acent
to the door preventing damage to hands or fin—
(BEMA)
gers.
FIRE EXIT HARDWARE: An exit device labeled for
use on fire doors as well as listed for
pan ic. (BHMA )
FLOOR PIVOT: center or offset pivot which is
(BH.tQ. )
located at the floor or thre shold.
FLUSH BOLT: A rod or bolt mounted flush with the
edge or face of the inactive leaf of a pair of
doors locking the door to the IEader or the
sill or threshold. Operation is usually by
means of a recessed lever. (BH}A)
FLUSH GLAZING: A method of setting glass whereby
glazing beads are recessed and flushed with
the edge of the frame. (BHMA)
GLASS DOOR: A door Itade from thick glass, usually
heat treated, and having metal stiles. (BHMA)
GUARD BAR: A protective bar applied to the lower
portion of a door or sidelight to prevent colli—
sion with
GUIDE RAIL:
doors for
HARNESS: A
prov id ing
operating
(BHMA )
the glass.
A separator used with poær —operated
traffic separati.on and control (BHMA)
combination of wires and connectors
connection of electrical controls to
(BHMA)
equ iprnent.
08721
AUTOMATIC DOOR EQUIPMENT
HINGE: Two metal plates having loops
formed along one edge of each to engage
and rotate about a common pivot rod or
"pinn used to suspend a swinging door
or Window in its frame. When both plates
(or leaves) are mortised, it is some—
(BHMA)
times called a butt hinge.
IN-HEADER OPERATOR: A door operator com-
pletely contained in the door header re—
quiring only electric pneumatic or hy—
draul ic power . (BHMA)
LATCH CHECK: The checking or slowing
down of the speed of closing before
(BEMA )
being fully closed.
LATCHING: Movement of a swinging or slid—
ing door into the latched position .
(BHMA)
LOCK: Hardware mechanism having a retract—
able bolt operated by a key, thumbturn
or other means, and designed to hold a
(BEMA)
door or window securely closed .
MEETING STILE: The vertical edge of a
door or window, in a pair, which is ad—
j acent to the other door or window. A
parallel meeting stile is one which has
a beveled edge paralleling the edge
of the other door. A round meeting
stile is one having a rounded edge.
(BHMA)
MOTION SENSOR: A device designed to de-
tect the movement of a person or obj ect-
in the vicinity of the doorway and give
an actuating signal to the operator.
(BHMA)
OFFSET PIVOT: A pin—and—socket hinging
device with a single bearing contact,
to suspend a door in its frame, allowing
it to swing about an axis which is nor—
mall y located about 3/4 out from the
(BHMA)
door face.
Movement of a swinging or
OPENING CYCLE:
sliding door from closed door position
to fully open. For swinging doors, this
is normally ninety degrees. (BHMA)
PHOTO-CELL SYSTEM: A device employing the
use of visible or invisible beams and
receivers across an opening. When a
beam is interrupted by a person or ob—
ject, a signal is generated and used to
activate or de—activate the operation
(BHMA)
of an automatic door.
PHOTOELECTRIC CONTROL: A device which
ploys the use of a visible or invisible
light beam across or through an opening .
When the beam is interrupted by a per—
æn or Obj ect, a signal is generated.
(BHMA)
POWER CLOSING: The closing of a door by
energy suppl ied from hydraulic, pneuma—
tic, electric or spring power. (BHMA)

****** Result for Image/Page 10 ******
SECTION 08721
POWER OPEN: The opening of a door by energy
(BHNA)
supplied by other than manual.
POWER UNIT: A remote mechanical device used
to convert energy (usually electr ical ) to
pneumatic, hydraulic, or mechanical ener—
gy for transmission to the actuator. (BHMA )
PRESSURE RELIEF: A safety device to guard
against excessive pressure buildup. Usu—
ally with reference to pneumatic or hydrau—
(BHMA)
lic systems.
PULL CORD: A switch located above the door—
way having a cord with handle extending
down to approximately 6 feet above the
floor. When the cord is pulled, a switch
is closed and a signal generated which
can be used to actuate an automatic door
(BHMA)
operator .
RECESSED FUME: A frame set into floor dur-
ing construction which secures 11Bts into
frame to provide flush condition between
(BEMA)
floor and surface,
RECYCLE: A mode of operation of an auto—
mat ic door operator that occurs when the
door is in the closing portion of its
travel and is actuated causing the door
to immediately reverse and go to the
(BHMA)
open position.
SAFETY EDGE: A strip or nosing applied to
the edge of a door or frame as a protec—
tive device, incorporating a switchi ng
device to stop or reverse movanent of
(BHMA)
a door,
SAFETY ZONE: The area on the swing side
of an automatic door installation which
is protected such that the door operator
will not operate when the area is occu—
pied by persons or objects. The pres—
ence of the per sons or obj ects is sensed
by actuating mats, photo—electric con—
trols, presence sensors, etc. (BHMA)
SELF-CONTAINED OPERATOR: An automatic op-
era tor in which the actuator and the
power unit are nude as a single unit
(BHMA)
SENSING DEVICE: A device that detects
the motion or the presence of a per son
(BHMA)
or obj ect.
SEQUENTIAL OPERATION: Momentary contact
switches used to open and close doors.
May be same switch or combination of
switches wired in ser ies. operation
is push switch to open — push switch
(BHMA )
to close.
SINGLE ACTING OPERATOR: An automatic
door operator which provides electrical
or hydraulic or pneumatic power to the
door in the opening mode only. Return
power is provided by spring action,
(BHMA)
gravity, weights, etc.
08721
AUTOFWTIC DOOR EQUIPMENT
SINGLE SLIDE AUTOILATIC DOOR: An automatic
door which has one sliding leaf, eithef left
(BHMA)
hand or right hand.
SLAVE UNIT : A device that is controlled by
another device of the same function. (BHMA)
SPRING CLOSING: The closing of a door by
(BHMA)
energy supplied by springs.
STRIKE: An opening or retaining device pro—
vided in a frame, threshold or in the edge
of a stile of an inactive door to receive
(BEMA)
a lock or latch bolt.
SURFACE BOLT: A rod or bolt mounted on the
face of the inactive door of a pair to lock
it to frame or sill or both and operated
manually. (BEMA)
SYNCHRONIZED OPERATORS: Operators connected
together either mechanically or electrically
(BHMA)
for simultaneous operation.
THROW: The distance which a lock bolt or latch
bolt projects from the lock front when in
(BHMA)
the locked position.
THUMBTURN : A lever which, when turned, operates
(BHMA)
the bolt of a lock.
TRIM, MAT: Material installed around the peri—
meter of a control mat securing it to the
(BHMA)
floor .
VARIABLE TIME DELAY; A device which may be ad-
justed to change the time a door remains open,
after removal of the open signal. (BHMA)
VISIBLE MOUNTING: Automatic door operators
which are mounted above the door, protruding
from the wall, and drive the door with a
visible bracket and arm are said to be
visibly mounted. (BHMA)

****** Result for Image/Page 11 ******
SECTION 08800
(FGMA)
See Bed or Bedding.
. BACK PUNY:
BACK—UP: A ltEteriaI placed into a joint,
primarily to control the depth of the seal—
(FGMA)
ant.
BEAD: A sealant or compound after applica—
t ion in a joint irrespective of the method
of applica tion, such as caulking bead,
Also a molding or
glazing bead, etc. ,
stop used to hold glass of panels in posi—
(FGIIA)
ti on.
BED or BEDDING: The bead of compound ap—
plied between light of glass or panel and
the stationary stop or sight bar of the
sash or frame, and usually the first bead
of compound to be applied when setting
(FGMA)
glass or panels.
BEDDING OF STOP: The application of corn—
pound at base of channel, just before the
stop is placed in position, or buttered
on inside face of stop. (FGMA)
BEVEL OF COMPOUND BEAD: Bead of compound ap-
plied so as to have a slanted top surface
so that water will drain away from the
(FGMA)
glass or panel.
BITE: Aroount of overlap between the stop
(FGMA)
and the panel or light.
BLOCK: A small piece of wood, lead, neo—
prene or other suitable material used to
position the glass in the frame. (FGMA)
BUTTERING: Application of putty or seal—
ant compound to the flat surface of some
member before placing the mernber in posi—
tion, such as the buttering of a remov—
able stop before fasten ing the stop in
(FGMA)
place.
CEÄNNEL : A three—sided, U—shaped opening
in sash or frame to receive light or
panel, as with sash or frame units in
which the light or panel is retained by
a removable stop. Contrasted to a rabbet,
which is a two—sided L—shaped opening, as
(FGMA)
with face glazed window sash .
CHANNEL DEPTH: The measurement from the
bottom of the channel to the top of the
stop, or measurement from sight Iine to
(FGMA)
base of channel .
CHANNEL GLAZING: The seal ing of the joints
around lights or panels set in a U—shaped
channel employing removable stops. (FQåA)
CHANNEL WIDTH: The measurement between
stationary and renovable stops in a U—
shaped channel at its widest point. (PGMA)
Wire spring devices to hold glass
CLIPS :
in rabbeted sash, without stops, and face
(FGM.A)
gla zed.
-1
GLAZ ING
COMPOUND: A formulation of ingredients,. usu—
ally grouped as vehicle or polymer pigment
and fillers to produce caulking compound,
(FGMA)
elastomeric joint sealant, etc.
COMPRESSION: Pressure exerted on a compound
in a joint, as by placing a light or panel
in place against bedding, or placing a stop
in position against a bead of compound.
(FGMA)
CONCAVE BEAD : Bead of compound with a con—
(FGMA)
cave e>Qosed surface.
CONSISTENCY: Degree of softness or firmness
of a compound as supplied in the container ,
and vary ing according to method of applica—
tion, such as gun, knife, tool, etc. (FGMA)
CONVEX BEAD: Bead of compound with a convex
exposed surface.
(FGMA )
CURING AGENT : One part of a on—part com—
pound which when added to the base will
cause the base compound to set up by chemi—
cal reaction between the two parts. (FGMA)
DUROMETER: A machine to mea sure shore hard—
(FGMA)
ness.
ELASTOMER: An elastic, rubber—like substance,
(FGMA)
as natural or synthetic rubber.
EXTERIOR GLAZED: Glass set from the exterior
(FGMA)
of the building.
EXTERIOR STOP: The removable molding or bead
that holds the light or panel in place when
it is on the exterior side of the light or
Ennel, as contrasted to an interior stop
located on the interior side of the light.
(FGMA)
FACE GI-A ZING: On rabbeted sash without stops,
triangular bead of compound applied witr
a glazing knife after bedding, setting and
(FGMA)
clipping the light in place.
FACE LOCK: An extruded piece of metal of a
variety of cross—sections which slides along
the interior of store sash face members. A
portion of this piece is so positioned that
when the set screw on the opposite side is
tightened, the wedging action draws the
sash face member tight against the glass
(FGMA)
and gutter or flashing members.
PRONT PUTTY.t The putty forming a triangular
fillet between the surface of the glass and
(FGMA)
the front edge of the rabbet.
Preformed shapes, such as strips,
GASKET:
of rubber or rubber—like
grornmets, etc ,
composition, used to fill and seal a joint
or opening either alone or in conjunction
with a supplemental application of a sealant
(FGMA)

****** Result for Image/Page 12 ******
SECTION 08800
GLA4NG: The securing of glass in prepared open—
ings in windows, door panels, screens, parti—
(FGMA)
tions, etc.
GUN CONSISTENCY: Compound formulated in a de-
gree of softness suitable for application
through the nozzle of a caulking gun. (FGMA)
HEEL BEAD: Compound applied at the base of chan—
nel, after setting light or panel ard before the
removable stop is installed, one of its pur—
poses being to prevent leakage past stop.
(FGMA)
INTERIOR GLAZED: Glass set from the interior
(PGMA)
of the building .
INTERIOR STOP : The removable molding or bead
that holds the light in place, when it is on
the interior side of the light, as contrasted
to an exterior stop which is located on the
exterior side of a light or panel.
(FGMA)
KNIFE CONSISTENCY: Compound formulated in a
degree of firmness suitable for applica—
tion with a glazing knife such as used for
face glazing and other sealant applica tions.
(FGMA)
LIGHT: Another term for a pane of glass used
in a window. (FGMA)
LOCK: see Face Lock: (FGMA)
MASTIC; Descriptive of heavy—consi stency com—
pounds that may remain adhesive and pliable
with age. (FGMA)
NONDRYING: Descriptive of a compound that
does not fom a surface skin after applica—
tion. (FGMA)
POINTS : Thin, flat, triangular or diamond—
shaped pieces of zinc used to hold glass
in wood sash by driving them into the
(EGMA)
wood.
POLYMER: A high molecular ight chernical
structure consisting of a long chain of small
(FGMA )
molecular units.
Compounds made from polybutene
POLYBUTENE BASE :
(FGMA)
polymers .
Compounds made from polysul—
POLYSULFIDE BASE :
(FGMA)-
f ide synthetic rubber.
PRIMING: Sealing of a porous surface so the
compound will not stain, lose elasticity,
shrink excessively, etc. , because Of loss of
oil or vehicle into the surround. A sealant
primer or surface conditioner may be used
to promote adhesion of a cur ing type seaaant
(FGUA)
to certain surfaces.
RABBET: A tw—sided L—shaped recess in sash or
frame to receive lights or panels When no
stop or molding is added, such rabbets are face
gla zed. Addition of a removable stop produces
a three—sided U—shaped channel. (FGMA)
08800
GLAZING
SASH: The frame including muntin bars
when used, and including the rabbets
to receive lights of glass, either with
or without removable stops, and designed
either for face glazing or channel glaz—
ing.
(FGMA)
Stop , molding
SCREW-ON BEAD or STOP ;
or bead fastened by machine screws
as compared with those that snap into
position without additional fastening .
(FGMA)
SEALANT: Compound used to fill and seal
a joint or opening, as contrasted to a
sealer which is a liguid used to seal
(FGMA)
a porous surface.
SETTING: Placement of 1 ights or panels
in sash or frames. Also action of a
compound as it becomes more firm after
(FGMA)
applica tion .
SHIMS: SltE11 blocks of composition, lead,
neoprene, etc. placed under bottom
edge of light or panel to prevent its
settling down onto bottom rabbet or
channel after setting, thus distorting
(FGMA)
the sealant.
SHORE HARDNESS; Measure of firmness of a
compound by means Of a Durometer Hard—
ness Gauge (Range of 20—25 is about the
firmness of an art gum eraser. Range of
90 is about the firmness of a rubber
heel) .
(FGMA)
Imaginary line along perimeter
SIGHT LINE:
of lights or panels corresponding to
the top edge of stati onary and rzaov—
able stops, and the line to which seal—
ants contacting the lights or panels
(FGMA)
are sometimes finished off.
SIZE OF BEAD: Normally refers to the width
of the bead, but there are many situa—
tions in which both the width and depth
should be taken into account in design,
specif ication and applica tion.
(FGMA)
SPACERS: Small blocks of composition,
mod, neoprene, etc., placed on each
side of lights or panels to center them
in the channel and maintain uniform
width of sealant beads . Prevent exces—
(FGMA)
sive sealant distortion.
SPACER SHIMS: Devices that are U-shaped
in cross section and an inch or more in
length, placed on the edges of lights
or panels to serve both as shims to
keep the lights or panels centered in
the sash or frames, and as spacers to
keep the lights or panel s centered in
the channels and maintain uniform width
of sealant beads .
(FGMA)
STATIONARY STOP : The permanent stop or
lip of a rabbet on Ehe side away from
the side on which lights or panels are
(FGMA)
set.

****** Result for Image/Page 13 ******
GLAZING
SECTION 08800
. STOP: Either the stationary lip at the back
of a rabbet, or the removable molding at
the front of the rabbet, either or both
serving to hold light or panel in sash or
frame, with the help of spacers. (FGMA)
STRIKING OFF: The operation of snoothing
off excess compound at sight line when ap—
plying compound around lights or panels.
(FGMA)
THINNING: Addition of a slight amount of
unleaded gasoline to an oleo—resinous
glazing compound by the glazier to soften
(FGMA)
its consistency .
UNIT: Term normally used to refer to one
(FGMA)
single light of insulating glass.
UNITED INCHES: Total of one width and one
(FGMA)
he ight in inches.
VEGETABLE OIL BASE: rormulated with a vehi-
cle of vegetable oils usually processed
with resins by applica tion Of heat (FGMÄ)
VEHICLE: The liquid portion of a compound .
(FGI*LA)
VINYL GLAZING: Holding glass in place with
extruded vinyl channel or roll—in type.
(FGMA )
WORK LIFE: The time during which a curing
sealant (usually 2 components) remains
suitable for use after being mixed with a
(FGMA)
ca taly
08800

****** Result for Image/Page 14 ******
SECTION 08813
Sheet, plate, float or
ANNEALED GLASS:
rolled glass that is basically free of
residual internal stresses so that it
(GTA)
can be freely cut.
BENT GLASS: Flat glass that has been
shaped while hot into cylindr icaI or
other curved shapes Bent glass may
(GTA)
or may not be tempered.
BOW AND WARP: The departure from flat—
ness nonnally inherent in tempered glass
Such
from the manufacturing processes.
bow and warp is measured while the glas s
is resting on a flat surface with the
concave side down and var ious allowable
tolerances are published by the rranu—
facturers, and are incorporated in the
Glass Tempering Association's Engineer—
ing Standards Manual for the product
(GTA)
involved .
BæAK OR FRACTURE PATTERN: The resultant
geometric pattern formed by the cracks
within an individual lite of ten-upered
glass when it is broken. (GTA)
CASE HARDENED; Indicates that glass has
been treated to create compression stresses
in its surfaces. (GTA)
CHEMICALLY STRENGTHENED OR Tm•dPERED: Glass
which has been strengthened by introduc—
tion Of compression stresses in the sur—
faces by such means as ion exchange
(from small ions to larger ions) induced
by chemical treatment, rather than physi—
cal stresses created by therrnal treat—
men t. (GTA)
CLEAN CUT EDGES: Edges of glass that YEve
not been fabricated but BhaII not have
excessive flare, plier ærks, points,
chips, or any other unsightly irregular—
ities. This type is also commonly re—
ferred to as Factory Edges, being the
range of edge contour and appearance can—
(GTA)
monly found on stock sheets.
FLAT POLISHED EDGES: A flat edge perpendicu-
lar to both surfaces that differs from a
flat ground edge in that the edge has been
polished. This edge may or may not
a polished seam and the degree of polish
will vary among suppliers.
(GTA)
Edges on glass which have been
GROUND EDGES:
Such edgewrk
ground to various profiles.
may or may not be considered as a finished
edge, but be necessary as minimum edge—
wrk for certain tanpered products. (GTA)
I-EAT STRENGTHENED GLASS: Glass that has been
partially tempered by I-Eat treatment of
ordinary annealed glass in a special fur—
nace. The partial tempering process (con—
trolled hea€ing and cooling) crea tes
creased cornpression stress in the surface
and edges of Ehe glass ag compared an—
nealed glass. Because of the se cornpression
stresses, heat strengthened glass has in—
creased mechani cal strength (greater
08813
TEMPERED GLASS
resistance to impact, long—term loads . and
wind loads) and improved resistance to
thermal stress due to increased thermal
endurance. When broken, its fracture pat—
tern is similar to that of annealed glass
and does not disrupt into the small frag—
which are characteristic Of fully
tempered glass breakage. cutting, shaping
and other fabrication Of heat strengthened
glass must be completed before heat treat—
(GTA)
rent .
HEAT TREATED: Indicates that glass has been
trea ted to create compression stresses in
(GTA)
the surface.
KINK: An abrupt deviation from a flat plane
or normal bow contour, and most commonly
found near an edge of the piece of tempered
glass. A kink is always localized as corn—
(GTA)
pared with contours of bow or warp.
PENCILED EDGES: Edges that are rounded ap-
proximately to a half round contour. These
edges, if not polished, will be a satin fin—
ish, and they may then be highly polished
by a separate operation. (GTA)
SAFETY GLASS : Glass so constructed, treated,
or combined with other materials, as to re—
duce, in comparison with ordinary sheet
glass, float glass, rolled glass, or place
glass, the likelihood of injury to persons
by these safety glasses when they may be
cracked or broken. (GTA)
SEAMED or SWIPED EDGES: Refers to edges on
glass which have been lightly abraded for
handling safety. Such edgework should not
be considered as a finished edge for appear—
ance.
I. Plain Seam: Edges seamed to permit safe
handl ing, but the texture of the seam is
the supplier s option.
2. Smooth seam: Edges seamed with fine ab—
rasives to give smooth appearance to the
(GTA)
seam.
SPANDREL GLASS : Glass that has been coated on
one side with a ceramic frit which has been
fused into and made an integral part of the
surface of the glass. The glass has been
either ternpered or heat—strengthened to de—
velop physical properties to materially in—
crease its resistance to breakage from wind
load and the thermal stresses inducted by
(GTA)
temperature difference.
STRAIN PATTERN: A specific geometric optical
pattern in the glass which is not normal Iy
visible, but which may become apparent under
certain conditions of illumination,
when light is polarized, such as sky light
or other forms Of reflected light. The
colors of the strain pattern are sometimes
referred to as iridescent, or the general
Strain pattern is
condition as iridescence.
characteristic of all tempered glass. (GTA)

****** Result for Image/Page 15 ******
TEMPERED GLASS
SECTION 06813
GLASS; A glass that has been heated to
near the softening point and rapidly cooled
under rigorous control, usually by air to in—
crease its mechanical and thermal endurance
by creating a compression stress in all sur—
faces balanced by tension stresses in the
Tempered glass is approxirnately three
core.
to five times stronger than annealed glass of
the same thickness. When any point on the sur—
face or edge of tempered glass is penetrated
sufficiently through the layer of cornpression,
the residual tension stresses are released,
and the entire glass inunediately breaks into
innumerable small pieces which, by themselves,
may be described as granular, without the sharp
edges or dagger—like shapes created when an—
nealed glass breaks. Cutting, shaping and other
fabrication of tenpered glass must be canpxeted
(GTA)
before temper ing.
Slight indentations along the edge
TONG hmRXS:
of tempered glass, resulting from the method
of holding or supporting the glass in the
(GTA)
tempering process by tongs.
TONGLESS rruPERED: Refers to glass that is tan-
pered, using a support method other than tongs,
resulting in a product without tong marks.
(GTA)
TOUGHENED: A reference to heat strengthened or
tempered glass cormonly nude by foreign manu—
facturers in coitu•non use outside of the United
(GTA)
States
ZONE '124PERING: Normally zone tznpered glass is
found in automotive windshields in foreign cars
where the break pattern of the glass directly
in front of the driver, and sometimes the passen—
ger, will be larger in particle size than the
surrounding area in order to permit temporary
vision when the windshield is broken. (GTA)