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Mobile ViewENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS - INSPECT, TEST, REMEDY AIR CLEANER PURIFIER TYPES AIR FILTER EFFECTIVENESS AIR FILTERS, FIBERGLASS PARTICLES AIR FILTERS for HVAC SYSTEMS AIR FILTERS, OPTIMUM INDOOR AIR FILTERS, SOURCES FOR AIR FILTERING STRATEGIES AIR FILTERING CONTINUOUS FAN OPERATION AIR HANDLER / BLOWER UNITS AIR LEAK DETECTION TOOLS AIR POLLUTANTS, COMMON INDOOR Air Quality Improvement Strategies AIR LEAK SEALING PROCEDURE AIR SEALING STRATEGIES AIR TEST FOR MOLD: ACCURACY AIR TEST SAMPLING CASSETTE STUDY AIRBORNE MOLD SPORE COUNT ACCURACY ALLERGEN TESTS for BUILDINGS ALLERGY TESTS for PEOPLE ALLERGY TEST ACCURACY ANIMAL ALLERGENS / PET DANDER ANIMAL ENTRY POINTS in BUILDINGS ASBESTOS CLEANUP COMPANIES ASBESTOS ROOFING / SIDING DUST ASBESTOS FLOORING HAZARD REDUCTION ASBESTOS-FREE INSULATION MATERIALS ASBESTOS IDENTIFICATION IN BUILDINGS ASBESTOS LIST of PRODUCTS ASBESTOS MATERIAL REGULATIONS ASBESTOS MATERIAL REGULATIONS Update ASBESTOS MATERIAL REGULATIONS, OSHA ASBESTOS PHOTO GUIDE to Materials ASBESTOS RISK ASSESSMENT ASBESTOS REMOVAL, Amateur, Incomplete Asbestos Removal, Certification ASBESTOS REMOVAL, Wetting Guidelines Asbestos Under the Microscope ATTORNEYS and EXPERT WITNESSES BACKDRAFTING HEATING EQUIPMENT BIBLIOGAPHY for ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, MOLD, IAQ BIOGAS PRODUCTION & USE BIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS BLACK MOLD, HARMLESS COSMETIC BLACK MOLD, TOXIC & ALLERGENIC BLEACHING MOLD, Advice about BLOWER DOORS & AIR INFILTRATION BLUE vs YELLOW COMBUSTION FLAMES Bisphenol-A, BPA BLACK MOLD, HARMLESS COSMETIC BLACK MOLD, TOXIC & ALLERGENIC BOOK MOLD, Moldy Book Cleaning BOOKSTORE - ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDING SAFETY HAZARDS GUIDE CAR MOLD CONTAMINATION CARBON MONOXIDE - CO Carbon Nanotube Materials CARPET MOLD CONTAMINATION CARPETS & PADDING ODORS IN BUILDINGS Cell phone Radiation Hazards CHIMNEY INSPECTION DIAGNOSIS REPAIR CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS CHLORINE IN DRINKING WATER CHLORINE in WATER, HOW TO TEST FOR CHLORINE IN SEPTIC WASTEWATER COMBUSTION GASES & PARTICLE HAZARDS Diethylstilbestrol - DES DUST ANALYSIS for FIBERGLASS DUST SAMPLING PROCEDURE EMERGENCY RESPONSE, IAQ, GAS, MOLD EMF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS & HUMAN EXPOSURE EMF Levels of Cancer Risk EMF MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES ENERGY SAVINGS in BUILDINGS Environmental Inspection & Test Services EXTERIORS of BUILDINGS FIBERGLASS HAZARDS FIBERGLASS INSULATION MOLD FIBERGLASS PARTICLE CONTAMINATION TEST Fireplaces & Woodstove Contaminants FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT, SAFETY & CLEANUP FLOOR TYPES & DEFECTS ASBESTOS FLOOR TILE IDENTIFICATION FORMALDEHYDE HAZARDS GAS EXPOSURE EFFECTS HEATING OIL EXPOSURE HAZARDS, LIMITS HUMIDITY CONTROL & TARGETS INDOORS INDOOR AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT GUIDE INSULATION INSPECTION & IMPROVEMENT INSULATION IDENTIFICATION GUIDE INSULATION, ASBESTOS INSULATION MOLD LEED Building Designation & IAQ LIGHTING, EXTERIOR GUIDE LIGHTING, INTERIOR GUIDE LIGHTNING PROTECTION UFFI UREA FORMALDEHYDE FOAM INSULATION LEAD POISONING HAZARDS GUIDE LEED Building Designation & IAQ LP & Natural Gas Safety Hazards Legionella Legionnaires' Disease METHANE GAS SOURCES MILDEW in BUILDINGS ? MOISTURE CONTROL in BUILDINGS MOLD: A COMPLETE GUIDE TO MOLD MOLD ACTION GUIDE - WHAT TO DO ABOUT MOLD MOLD APPEARANCE - WHAT MOLD LOOKS LIKE MOLD CLEANERS - WHAT TO USE MOLD CLEANUP GUIDE- HOW TO GET RID OF MOLD MOLD CONSULTANTS/INSPECTORS MOLD CULTURE TEST KIT VALIDITY MOLD DETECTION & INSPECTION GUIDE MOLD or INDOOR AIR EMERGENCY RESPONSE MOLD EXPERT, WHEN TO HIRE MOLD FAQ's MOLD ODORS, MUSTY SMELLS MOLD PREVENTION GUIDE MOLD RELATED ILLNESS GUIDE MOLD SAFETY WARNINGS MOLD SPRAYS, SEALANTS, PAINTS MOLD STANDARDS MOLD TEST KITS for DIY MOLD TESTS MOLD TESTING METHOD VALIDITY MVOCs & MOLDY MUSTY ODORS Museum Artifact Preservation Nanomaterials Hazards NOISE / SOUND DIAGNOSIS & CURE ODORS GASES SMELLS, DIAGNOSIS & CURE OIL, HEATING, EXPOSURE HAZARDS, LIMITS OIL TANKS INSPECT LEAK TEST ABANDON REGS OXYGEN - O2 OZONE HAZARDS OZONE for MOLD OR ODORS PAINTS & COATINGS ODORS IN BUILDINGS PARTICLE SIZES & IAQ Particulates & Allergens Indoors Pesticide Exposure Hazards PET ALLERGEN REMEDIES PLASTIC CONTAINERS, TANKS, TYPES PLASTIC HEATER VENT PLASTIC ODORS-SCREENS, SIDING PLUMBING SYSTEM ODORS PVC - VINYL BUILDING PRODUCTS RADON HAZARD TESTS & MITIGATION SAFETY HAZARDS GUIDE SEPTIC SYSTEM ODORS SEWER GAS ODORS SIDING VINYL SMELL PATCH TEST to Track Down Odors SOUND CONTROL in buildings SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS STAIN & BIODETERIORATION AGENT CATALOG STAINS on BUILDINGS - QUICK GUIDE STAIN DIAGNOSIS on BUILDING EXTERIORS STAIN DIAGNOSIS on BUILDING INTERIORS SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECT DIAGNOSE REPAIR SULPHUR & SEWER GAS SMELL SOURCES THERMAL TRACKING Indicates Heat Loss Urea Formaldehyde Foam Insulation UFFI URETHANE FOAM Deterioration, Outgassing VAPOR BARRIERS & CONDENSATION in BUILDINGS VAPOR BARRIERS & HOUSEWRAP VAPOR CONDENSATION & BUILDING SHEATHING VENTILATION in BUILDINGS VINYL CHLORIDE HEALTH INFO VINYL Siding or PLASTIC Window ODORS in buildings Volatile Organic Compounds VOCs WATER ODORS, CAUSE CURE WATER TANK SAFETY WATER TESTS, CONTAMINANTS, TREATMENT WATER TEST CHOICES & WATER TEST FEES WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT CHOICES WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS WIND TURBINES & LIGHTNING World Trade Center Collapse Dust Photos More Information |
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ONSITE INSPECTION / INVESTIGATION AVAILABILITY NOTICE: Except for special cases including our pro-bono services we no longer provide onsite building investigations. For on-site building & home inspections the extensive list of building inspectors and specialists at |
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What to Do About Mold: When & How - -Mold IAQ Site Inspection & Mold Testing Lab Services(this page) - -What Mold Test Methods are Valid? - -Technical & Laboratory Procedures, Bibliography - -Other Indoor Air Concerns - -Mold and IAQ References, Bibliography - -Contact Daniel Friedman
Our building investigation services include thorough on-site studies for residential and commercial buildings in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, with service available world wide on advance notice. We also provide expert 24-hour mold testing lab service for our clients and the public. The result of field and lab work is a complete field investigation report indicating our field findings, laboratory test results, and detailing just what remediation or other actions are appropriate. Basic medical information about allergenic or toxic mold or other contaminants is also included when available.
We investigate complaints of respiratory illness, asthma, allergies, neurological and other health concerns, and we identify sources of these and other hazards that may contribute to a wide range of health complaints associated with buildings. To identify and address indoor air quality problems, we identify conditions which may cause or contribute to allergy, asthma, "sick building syndrome -- SBS," other respiratory illness and distress, as well as possible neurological or other health problems which may be caused or aggravated by mold or other particles in the air.
Field investigation methods include taking site and client history, visual inspection of the property and building and its mechanical systems, bulk/surface/vacuum sampling, calibrated air sampling combined with light microscopy and laboratory analysis to identify common bioaerosols, allergens, pet dander, dust mites, fleas, mold, pollen, fibers, and other potential irritants. We also are equipped to test for specific contaminant gases such as produced by building fires or heating equipment as well as mold or other contaminants.
Our Indoor Gas Sampling Plan for Residential Buildings describes gas testing procedures, instruments, detection limits, and it lists some of the toxic (or other) indoor gases for which we can test, depending on the building complaint and building conditions.
No one needs to wield an axe to investigate a building. And no one needs to bury important findings among pages of vague language. We use special equipment such as this borescope permitting examination of hidden wall/ceiling/floor cavities using non-destructive methods. We may use other equipment to actually obtain particle samples from wall/ceiling/floor cavities by the Wall Check™ method, When conditions warrant and permission is obtained, we also are equipped to make modest test cuts or to perform other more invasive inspection methods. A variety of non-invasive infra-red and moisture measuring tools may also be employed if recent or current leaks are suspected.
Our mold and air quality investigation report includes field observations, laboratory test results, medical information regarding toxic or allergenic mold or other contaminants identified, and remediation advice including both mold cleanup and building repairs which are necessary to help avoid future problems. Technical documentation is accompanied by photo documentation of field and lab findings. A simple report summary provides a "guide to action" for each property we inspect.
Our laboratory procedures are described below at Laboratory Services. More information about our indoor air mold testing and field and laboratory investigation methodologies and a description of some of our equipment is at Investigation methodology.
Principal investigator & website author: Daniel Friedman, Member: American Industrial Hygienists Assoc. AIHA#149892, American Society of Home Inspectors ASHI#00577, BOCA, IAEI, ICBO, NPCA Mr. Friedman offers sick building, air quality, and mold investigations and home inspections and for problem diagnosis, research, expert witness, legal documentation, & failure claims assistance.
Schedule an appointment for a mold or indoor air investigation or see a published fee schedule (Inspection fees and fees for other services will be reviewed with you and committed before any work is performed. The fees in this table are subject to change without notice.)
Our laboratory service includes analysis of our own expert-prepared field samples as well as processing of consumer-prepared bulk-tape mail-in samples of mold or other particles. Our mold testing lab provides identification services for bioaerosols such as mold, mildew, dust mites, pollen, and other allergens. We have considerable experience examining samples collected on tape, Zefon cassettes, MCE filter cassettes, slides, impaction air samplers, carpet, furniture, and other soft-goods vacuum samples, and in bulk material. Mold culture and bacterial surface contamination evaluation is available, and we also offer testing for carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, and other gases.
Our laboratory education and experience include fungal spore, organic, and inorganic particle and fiber identification, mold culture methods and culture speciation. Our equipment education and experience include biological microscopy, forensic microscopy, particle identification using microscopic particle manipulation, microchemistry, transmitted light microscopy, polarized light microscopy, dispersion staining, determination of refractive index, interference patterns, phase-contrast, darkfield, focal screening, and other advanced techniques.
In the lab we make use of a variety of microscopes: low-power stereoscopic examination of samples for characterization and high-power microscopic examination (up to 1920x) for particle identification using both transmitted and polarized light for identification of biological particles such as mold spores, pollen grains, animal allergens, and non-biological particles in house dust and debris. These methods help assure that the lab report accurately represents the character of the samples which were submitted.
Mobile Microscopy Lab: For immediate on-site
particle determination where emergency response or remediation/salvage
operation evaluation is necessary we offer mobile field
microscopy lab service including field preparation of test samples and
light microscopic examination for particle identification.
Field samples are used to prepare slides for examination by light microscope. Our own field work collects mold or biological particle samples using a variety of methods. From the public our lab also accepts mold surface samples using clear tape. Chemical treatment and mounting media are selected based on the sample type, often including potassium hydroxide, acid or basic fuchsin, Calberla's solution, lacto phenol cotton blue, or other preparations. When lab work is in support of legal proceedings or if otherwise appropriate we prepare permanent-mount slides using glycerine jelly or other media. Slides are examined at magnifications of 10x, 100x, 400x, and 1000x using tungsten and polarized light, darkfield, etc. as appropriate.
Identification of toxic mold species:
Genera/species identifications are made based on experience, education,
reference texts, comparison with known samples, and when appropriate,
consultation with fellow mycologists and other experts. There are more than
70,000 mold species which have been identified and an estimated 1 million
remaining to be identified, so it is common to encounter unidentified spores.
However fortunately, in most areas there common protagonists which have been
studied and which can be identified to genera and often to species. Because
mold toxicity varies widely within a particular genera, speciation is an
important step, omitted by some high-volume labs.
A detailed written mold test laboratory report of laboratory finding, medical information, and recommendations is provided.
The lab report describes:
which in special cases may still be diagnostic.
Using clear, specific definitions of "mold levels"
Independent inspectors as well as many building owners or occupants may also use our mold testing laboratory service. If you do not want to bring a professional investigator to your property, here are instructions explaining how to collect and mail mold samples to our lab for identification, analysis, and advice.
If you wish to send samples collected by means other than described in our guidelines, please call first for special instructions and fees. If you have questions about our instructions for mailing a mold sample to the lab or if you need to request special field or lab services, contact our lab to request services.
In-depth advice about recognizing and cleaning up mold can be read at InspectAPedia.com/sickhouse.htm.
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ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS - INSPECT, TEST, REMEDY
ACCEPTABLE MOLD LEVEL
ACCURACY OF VARIOUS MOLD TEST METHODS
ACTION GUIDE - WHAT TO DO ABOUT INDOOR MOLD
ACTIVITY of MOLD in BUILDINGS
AGE of MOLD - Old is the Mold?
AIR CLEANER PURIFIER TYPES
AIR FILTERS for HVAC SYSTEMS
AIR POLLUTANTS, COMMON INDOOR
AIR TEST FOR MOLD: ACCURACY
AIR TEST SAMPLING CASSETTE STUDY
AIRBORNE MOLD SPORE COUNT ACCURACY
AIRBORNE PARTICLE ANALYSIS METHODS
ALLERGEN TESTS for BUILDINGS
ALLERGENS in BUILDINGS, RECOGNIZING
ALLERGY & MOLD IAQ PRODUCTS
ALLERGY TESTS for PEOPLE
ALLERGY TEST ACCURACY
ATTORNEYS and EXPERT WITNESSES
ATTIC MOLD
BASEMENT MOLD
BASEMENT MOLD WATER IMPACT
BATHROOM MOLD
BIBLIOGAPHY for ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, MOLD, IAQ
BIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS
BLUE vs YELLOW COMBUSTION FLAMES
BUILDING SAFETY HAZARDS GUIDE
CACTUS FUNGI / MOLD
Cadmium in the home
CAR MOLD CONTAMINATION
CARBON DIOXIDE - CO2
CARBON MONOXIDE - CO
Carbon Nanotube Hazards
CARPET DUST IDENTIFICATION
CARPET MOLD CONTAMINATION
CARPET PADDING ASBESTOS, MOLD, ODORS
CARPET FUNGICIDAL SPRAY
CARPET STAIN DIAGNOSIS
CARPET & other STAIN TESTS
CARPET TEST PROCEDURE
CARPETING & INDOOR AIR QUALITY
CARPETING, SELECTION & INSTALLATION
CAT DANDER in buildings
Cell phone Radiation Hazards
CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS
CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS in WATER
CHIMNEY INSPECTION DIAGNOSIS REPAIR
CHLORINE IN DRINKING WATER
CHLORINE in WATER, HOW TO TEST FOR
CHLORINE IN SEPTIC WASTEWATER
COALSTOVE SAFETY
COMBUSTION GASES & PARTICLE HAZARDS
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS & IAQ
CONDENSATION or SWEATING PIPES, TANKS
CPSC Indoor Air Pollution Book Online Copy
DIRECTORY of MOLD / ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERTS
DIRT FLOOR MOLD CONTAMINATION
Disinfectants
Disinfecting Buildings with Bleach
DRYWALL MOLD
DRAFT HOODS - gas fired
DRAFT MEASUREMENT, CHIMNEYS & FLUES
DRAFT REGULATORS, DAMPERS, BOOSTERS
DRINKING WATER
Diethylstilbestrol - DES
DUCT SYSTEM & DUCT DEFECTS
DUST ANALYSIS for FIBERGLASS
DUST CONTAMINATION FROM HVAC?
DUST SAMPLING PROCEDURE
EMERGENCY RESPONSE, IAQ, GAS, MOLD
EMF MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES
ENERGY SAVINGS in BUILDINGS
ENVIRO-SCARE - PUBLIC FEAR CYCLES
EXTERIORS of BUILDINGS
FEAR of MOLD - MYCOPHOBIA
Fiberboard Insulation Sheathing Mold
Fiberglass Enviro-Scare
FIBERGLASS HAZARDS
FIBERGLASS INSULATION
FIBERGLASS INSULATION MOLD
FIBERGLASS PARTICLE CONTAMINATION TEST
FIBERGLASS INSULATION MOLD
FIBERGLASS PARTICLE CONTAMINATION TEST
FIRE DAMAGE vs MOLD DAMAGE
Fireplace Inserts
Fireplaces & Woodstove Contaminants
FLAME COLOR, BLUE vs YELLOW COMBUSTION
FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT, SAFETY & CLEANUP
FLOODS IN BUILDINGS-mold
FLOOR DAMAGE DIAGNOSIS
FLOOR & SUBFLOOR MOLD, HIDDEN
FLOOR TILE ASBESTOS IDENTIFICATION
FLOOR TILE HISTORY & INGREDIENTS
FORMALDEHYDE HAZARDS
FORMALDEHYDE HAZARDS
FUNGICIDAL SPRAY & SEALANT USE GUIDE
MOLD INFORMATION CENTER
ACTION GUIDE - WHAT TO DO ABOUT INDOOR MOLD
CLEARANCE INSPECTIONS - MOLD CLEANUP
DUST ANALYSIS for FIBERGLASS
DUST SAMPLING PROCEDURE
ENERGY SAVINGS in BUILDINGS
FUNGICIDAL SPRAY & SEALANT USE GUIDE
GAS EXPOSURE EFFECTS, TOXIC
GAS DETECTION & MEASUREMENT
HOUSE DUST ANALYSIS
HOUSEWRAP AIR & VAPOR BARRIERS
HIDDEN MOLD, HOW TO FIND
HUMIDITY CONTROL & TARGETS INDOORS
INDOOR AIR HAZARDS TABLE
INDOOR AIR QUALITY & HOUSE TIGHTNESS
INDOOR AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT GUIDE
INDOOR AIR QUALITY METHODS COMPARED
LEAD POISONING HAZARDS GUIDE
LEED GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION
LEED Building Designation & IAQ
MEDIA BLASTING for MOLD REMOVAL
METHANE GAS SOURCES
MICROSCOPE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY
MILDEW in BUILDINGS ?
MILDEW ERRORS - MOLD PHOTOS
MILDEW REMOVAL & PREVENTION
MOISTURE CONTROL in BUILDINGS
MOLD: A COMPLETE GUIDE TO MOLD
MOLD ACTION GUIDE - WHAT TO DO ABOUT MOLD
MOLD ACTIVITY in BUILDINGS
MOLD AGE - Old is the Mold?
MOLD APPEARANCE - WHAT MOLD LOOKS LIKE
MOLD APPEARANCE - STUFF THAT IS NOT MOLD
MOLD ATLAS & PARTICLES INDEX
MOLD CLEANERS - WHAT TO USE
MOLD CLEANUP COMPANIES
MOLD CLEANUP, DO IT YOURSELF
MOLD CLEANUP GUIDE- HOW TO GET RID OF MOLD
MOLD CLEANUP by MEDIA BLASTING
MOLD CLEARANCE INSPECTIONS
MOLD CLINICAL REFERENCE TEXTS
MOLD CONSULTANTS/INSPECTORS
MOLD CONTAMINATION LEVELS
MOLD CULTURE PHOTOS
MOLD CULTURE TEST KIT VALIDITY
MOLD DETECTION & INSPECTION GUIDE
MOLD or INDOOR AIR EMERGENCY RESPONSE
MOLD EXPERT, WHEN TO HIRE
MOLD INSPECTORS & MOLD TESTERS
MOLD PREVENTION GUIDE
MOLD RELATED ILLNESS GUIDE
MOLD RELATED ILLNESS SYMPTOMS
MOLD TEST KITS
Nanomaterials Hazards
NOISE / SOUND DIAGNOSIS & CURE
ODORS, Smells, Gases in Buildings-Diagnosis & Cure
The Mold Information Center: What to Do About Mold in Buildings, When and How
to Inspect for Mold, Clean Up Mold, or Avoid Mold ProblemsMold or allergens may not be the only or even the main indoor environmental contaminant. Don't let media attention to mold cause so much enviro-scare fear that other, possibly more urgent hazards go un-addressed.