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InspectAPedia ® Home HEATING SYSTEMS AIR CONDITIONING & HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS BACKDRAFTING HEATING EQUIPMENT BACKUP HEAT for HEAT PUMPS BANGING HEATING PIPES RADIATORS BAROMETRIC DAMPERS BASEBOARD HEAT BLOWER FAN OPERATION & TESTING BOILERS, HEATING BOOKSTORE - InspectAPedia BTU USAGE MONITORS CARBON MONOXIDE - CO CIRCULATOR PUMPS & RELAYS COMBUSTION AIR CONDENSING BOILERS/FURNACES DIAGNOSE & FIX AIR CONDITIONER / HEAT PUMP DIAGNOSE & FIX HEATING PROBLEMS-BOILER DIAGNOSE & FIX HEATING PROBLEMS-FURNACE DIRECT VENTS / SIDE WALL VENTS DRAFT REGULATORS, DAMPERS, BOOSTERS DUCT SYSTEM & DUCT DEFECTS ELECTRIC HEAT, DIAGNOSIS, REPAIR ELECTRIC MOTOR DIAGNOSTIC GUIDE FAN, AIR HANDLER BLOWER UNIT FLOODED HEATING EQUIPMENT REPAIR FLUE SIZE SPECIFICATIONS FURNACES, HEATING GAS BURNER Flame & Noise Defects GAS PIPING, VALVES, CONTROLS GEOTHERMAL HEATING SYSTEMS HEAT PUMPS, DIAGNOSIS, REPAIR HEATING COST SAVINGS METHODS HEATING OIL PIPING TROUBLES HEATING OIL TANKS HEATING SYSTEM NOISES HEATING SYSTEM TYPES LP & Natural Gas Safety Hazards MANUALS & PARTS GUIDES - HVAC MIXING / ANTI-SCALD VALVES MOTOR OVERLOAD RESET SWITCH NOISE, HEATING SYSTEMS ODORS FROM HEATING SYSTEMS OIL BURNERS OIL FILTERS on HEATING EQUIPMENT OIL ODORS, LEAKY OIL TANK PIPING OIL SPILL CLEANUP / PREVENTION OIL TANKS PLASTIC HEATER VENT PUFFBACKS, OIL BURNER RADIANT HEAT RADIATORS RELIEF VALVE LEAKS Reset Switch - Heater Primary Control RESET SWITCH - ELECTRIC MOTOR Reset Switch - Stack Relays SAFETY, HEATING INSPECTION SAFETY RECALLS, Chimneys, Vents, Heaters SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM DESIGNS SOOT on OIL FIRED HEATING EQUIPMENT STEAM HEATING SYSTEMS TANKLESS COILS THERMOSTATS, HEATING / COOLING VIDEO GUIDES: Heating System Videos WATER HEATERS WINTERIZE A BUILDING WOOD, COAL STOVES & FIREPLACES WOOD STOVE SAFETY ZONE VALVES    More Information |
This article lists significant oil-fired heating furnace (warm air system) defects, definitions, and home inspection education topics. This article series, beginning at BUILDING DEFECTS LISTS, provides lists of common building defects and basic defect knowledge that also outline recommended curriculum content for home inspector education. The building defects and inspection points listed in these articles also guide homeowners and home buyers to building areas that merit careful attention and often point areas of safety concern or important maintenance and repair tasks. Page top illustration of an oil fired furnace courtesy of Carson Dunlop Associates. Green links show where you are. © Copyright 2013 InspectAPedia.com, All Rights Reserved. Author Daniel Friedman. Home Inspection Education Curriculum - Heating: Oil Fired FurnacesReaders should see HEATING SYSTEMS for our complete list of articles on this topic. Also see HOME & BUILDING INSPECTORS & INSPECTION METHODS. Use the Search Box at the top or bottom of these pages to find in-depth information about building, energy savings, and indoor environment inspection, diagnosis and repair at this website. Watch out: these inspection lists do not list all possible defects for the systems discussed, and not all home or building inspectors will examine all of the items listed here. CONTACT us to suggest corrections or additions to articles at this website. Also see FURNACES, HEATING and DUCT SYSTEM & DUCT DEFECTS. These curriculae and building defect lists are based on smilar curriculum documents first prepared by Joe Scaduto, an ASHI member who prepared course material for Northeastern University's Building Inspection Certificate program in 1988, subsequently by DF, InspectApedia's editor, for New York University ca 1988 and later, with others, recommended to ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors. ASHI did not adopt this material though currently that association as well as others offer extensive HOME INSPECTOR EDUCATION material. The curriculum and lists of defects are informed by additional analysis of the process of home inspection that was developed beginning Calgary, AB for Canadian and U.S. home inspector education and certification examinations in 1997. Other early contributors to home inspection education in the U.S. and Canada include Dr. Jess Aronstein, Alan Carson, Mike Casey, Mark Cramer, John Cox, Dwight Barnett, Douglas Hansen, Rick Heyl, Larry Hoytt, Bill Merrill, Kevin O'Malley, Dennis Robitalille, Keith Peddie, Pat Porzio, Roger Robinson. 4.2 Oil Fired Warm Air Furnaces Inspection Recommendations & Typical Defects List4.2.1 Knowledge Base for Oil Fired Warm Air Furnaces Inspection1. List the materials, function and location of the components of a typical oil fired forced air furnace including ? the fuel storage and supply system, burner, heat exchanger, draft regulator(barometric damper), vent connector, combustion air supply, cabinet, controls, ducts, registers, and grills. 2. Describe the features of adequate installation and repair technique for oil fired furnaces. 3. Define the following terms: oil safety valve, fire safety valve, atomizing oil burner (gun type burner), electrode, flame retention head, refractory (fire pot), blast tube (draft tube), transformer, fuel pump, ignition transformer, primary control (primary controller, stack relay, primary relay), flame sensor (Fire-eye, photo cell, cad cell), barometric damper (draft regulator), vent connector, side wall venting, automatic vent damper. 4. Describe the normal operating cycle of an oil fired forced air furnace from call for heat to shut down. 5. Outline the typical life expectancies of oil fired warm air furnaces. 6. Identify the codes or standards which apply to oil fired appliances and warm air furnaces in your area. 4.2.2 Inspection Skills Oil Fired Warm Air Furnaces Inspection1. Describe the inspection procedure for oil fired warm air furnaces. 2. Identify the following common defects listed on the next page. 3. Describe the implication of each defect. 4. Identify the safety issues for the inspector and occupant of the home(fire, oil spill, combustion product, pollution, injury due to moving parts). 5. Communicate findings to client verbally and in writing, recommending corrective action where needed. List of Typical Defects in Oil-Fired Forced Air Heating FurnacesHeating Oil Supply, Burner, Venting, Typical DefectsTypical Oil Tank Defects• Empty • Leakage • Located outside, not suitable for outdoor use • Rusting • Underground (warnings) • Unsafe location (clearance distances, unprotected) • Abandoned • Damaged or corroded Primary Controller, Typical Defects• Tripped Typical Defects in the combustion chamber liner ("refractory or fire pot")• Crumbling, cracked, collapsed • Saturated Typical Defects at Oil Tank Fill & Vent Piping• Leak • Missing caps • Undersized vent • Plastic Typical Defects in Barometric Dampers, Draft Regulators• None installed (missing) • Shared • Improper location • Inadequate draft air • Inoperative • Misadjusted maladjusted JDG • Rusting • Spillage Oil Supply Piping Defects• Missing • Corrosion, damage, crimped • Leak • Undersized • Unprotected Flue Gas Venting System Typical Defects• Improper material • Inadequate combustible clearance • Poor support • Poor slope • Poor connections • Poor manifolding • Poor insertion into chimney • Rust, dirty, obstructed • Vent connector too big, too small • Vent connector too long Dead end Flues Heating Oil Filter Typical Defects• Dirty • Leak • Missing Typical Combustion Air Defects• Inadequate combustion air Typical Oil Burner Defects• Dirty • Incomplete combustion – soot • Inoperative • Leaking • Short cycling • Too close to combustibles • Vibrating, noisy Mid-Efficiency Oil Furnaces, Typical Defects• Corroded vents • Excess temperature rise • Poor vent location, arrangement • Reliability Typical Defects in Oil-Fired Forced Warm Air Heating FurnacesElectronic Air Cleaner / Filter Defects• Damaged cells • Dirty • Improper orientation • Inoperative • Mis-wired • Missing components Air Handler Cabinet Defects• Combustible clearances • Mechanical damage • Missing components • Obstructed air intake • Rust • Scorching Thermostat Defects for Forced Air Oil Fired Heating Systems• Anticipator problems • Damaged • Dirty • Loose • Not level • Poor adjustment or calibration • Poor location Humidifier Defects on Forced Air Oil Fired Heating Systems• Clogged pad, mesh or nozzle • Dirty • Inoperative motor or solenoid valve • Leaks • No duct damper • Poor location Blower Assembly Defects on Forced Air Oil Fired Heating Systems• Dirty • Fan belt loose, worn, damaged • Inoperative • Noisy • Overheating • Poorly secured • Running continuously • Rust • Too small • Unbalanced or vibration Duct & Register Defects on Forced Air Oil-Fired Heating Systems• Balancing damper adjustment • Dirty, obstructed collapsed • Disconnected or breached JDG or damaged ducts • Excessively long runs, excessive elbows • Wire or pipes in ducts • Registers or grilles (for return air) in garage • Rusting or dirty • In-slab ducts • Mechanical damage • Leaky joints • Insulation missing, damaged • Filter problems • Undersized • Weak airflow Fan Limit Switch Defects on Forced Air Oil-Fired Heating Systems• Improperly wired • Missing cover • Scorching • Set wrong or defective • Fan problems Combination (water to air) Heating System Defects - Oil Fired Heaters• Cabinet problems • Control problems • Domestic water too hot • Inadequate heat for house • Inoperative, inefficient pumps • Inoperative water heater • Leaking, clogged coils • Water control problems Readers should see HEATING SYSTEMS for our complete list of articles on this topic. Also see HOME & BUILDING INSPECTORS & INSPECTION METHODS. Use the Search Box at the top or bottom of these pages to find in-depth information about building, energy savings, and indoor environment inspection, diagnosis and repair at this website. Watch out: these inspection lists do not list all possible defects for the systems discussed, and not all home or building inspectors will examine all of the items listed here. CONTACT us to suggest corrections or additions to articles at this website. Also see FURNACES, HEATING and DUCT SYSTEM & DUCT DEFECTS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about inspection course curriculum or checklist data for oil fired forced air heating furnaces... Ask a Question or Search InspectApediaQuestions & answers or comments about inspection checklists or courses for oil fired furnaces. Ask a Question or Enter Search Terms in the InspectApedia search box just below. Technical Reviewers & ReferencesRelated Topics, found near the top of this page suggest articles closely related to this one.
Books & Articles on Building & Environmental Inspection, Testing, Diagnosis, & Repair
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Carson, Dunlop & Associates Ltd.,
The Home Reference Book - the Encyclopedia of Homes